| Term | Definition |
| characterization | the personality a character displays; also, the means by which an author reveals that personality |
| indirect characterization | the writer shows or dramatizes the character and allows you to draw your own conclusions |
| direct characterization | the writer tells you directly what the character is like |
| dramatic irony | a device where by the audience (or reader) understands more of a situation or what is being said than the character is aware of |
| verbal irony | a writer or speaker says one thing and means something entirely different |
| alliteration | the repetition of similar sounds, usually consonants or consonant clusters, in a group of words |
| analogy | an extended comparison showing the similarities between two things |
| aside | words spoken by a character in a play, usually in an undertone, not intended to be heard by other characters on stage |
| soliloquy | a speech, usually lengthy, in which a character, alone on stage, expresses his or her thoughts alound |
| monologue | a long, uninterrupted speech (in a narrative or drama) that is spoken in the presence of other characters |