7 Written Questions

1. study of materials that make up Earth and the processes that form and change these materials, and the history of the planet and its life-forms since its origin
2. factor that is manipulated by the experimenter in an experiment
3. all the water in Earth's oceans, lakes, seas, rivers, and glaciers plus all the water in the atmosphere
4. study of the interactions of humans with environment
5. replacement for the metric system; based on a decimal system using the number 10 as the base unit; includes the meter: (m), second: (s), and kilogram: (kg)
6. a series of problem-solving procedures that help scientists conduct experiments
7. study of Earth's oceans including the creatures that inhabit its waters, its physical and chemical properties, and the effects of human activities

6 Multiple Choice Questions

1. factor in an experiment that can change if the independent variable is changed
   1. independent variable
   2. dependent variable
   3. geosphere
   4. control
2. an idea, a system, or a mathematical expression that represents the idea being explained
   1. scientific methods
   2. scientific theory
   3. scientific model
   4. scientific law
3. study of objects beyond Earth's atmosphere
   1. control
   2. astronomy
   3. geology
   4. meteorology
4. all of Earth's organisms and the environments in which they live
   1. geosphere
   2. hydrosphere
   3. biosphere
   4. atmosphere
5. blanket of gases surrounding Earth that contains about 78 percent nitrogen, 21 percent oxygen, and 1 percent other gases such as argon, carbon dioxide, and water vapor
   1. geosphere
   2. biosphere
   3. hydrosphere
   4. atmosphere
6. a testable explanation of a situation
   1. hydrosphere
   2. hypothesis
   3. geosphere
   4. biosphere

6 True/False Questions

1. meteorology → study of materials that make up Earth and the processes that form and change these materials, and the history of the planet and its life-forms since its origin

   True        False

2. control → standard for comparison in an experiment

   True        False

3. scientific theory → a series of problem-solving procedures that help scientists conduct experiments

   True        False

4. scientific notation → an explanation based on many observations during repeated experiments; valid only if consistent with observations, can be used to make testable predictions, and is the simplest explanation; can be changed or modified with the discovery of new data

   True        False

5. geosphere → all of Earth's organisms and the environments in which they live

   True        False

6. scientific law → a principle that describes the behavior of a natural phenomenon

   True        False