The Enjoyment of Music: Unit 2: Musical Instruments and Ensembles
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30 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 timbre | properties of sound that include pitch, duration, volume, and tone color |
| aerophones | any wind instrument |
| chordophones | instruments that produce sound from a vibrating string |
| idiophones | produce sound from the substance of the instrument itself: bells, rattles, xylophones, cymbals |
| membranophones | drum-like instruments |
| pizzicato (string) | plucked |
| vibrato (string) | throbbing effect by rapid wrist-and-finger movement altering the pitch |
| glissando (string) | a finger on the left hand slides along the string while the right hand draws the bow |
| tremolo (string) | rapid repetition of a tone through quick up-and-down movement of the bow |
| double-(triple-/quadruple)stopping (string) | playing two(three/four) strings at once |
| english horn | alto oboe |
| contrabassoon | produces the lowest tone of the woodwinds |
| glockenspiel | a series of horizontal tuned steel bars of various sizes, which when struck produce a bright, metallic, bell-like sound |
| celesta | type of glockenspiel that is operated by means of a keyboard. resembles a miniature upright piano |
| duo sonata | soloist with piano |
| string trio | violin 1, viola or violin 2, cello |
| piano trio | piano, violin, cello |
| string quartet | violin 1, violin 2, viola, cello |
| piano quartet | piano, violin, viola, cello |
| string quintet | violin 1, violin 2, viola 1, viola 2, cello |
| piano quintet | piano, string quartet |
| woodwind quintet | flute, oboe, clarinet, bassoon, french horn |
| brass quintet | trumpet 1, trumpet 2, french horn, trombone, tuba |
| Strings (orchestra) | 18 1st violins, 15 2nd violins, 12 violas, 12 cellos, 9 double basses, 1-2 harps, when needed |
| Woodwinds (orchestra) | 3 flutes, 1 piccolo, 3 oboes, 1 english horn, 3 clarinets, 1 bass clarinet, 3 bassoons, 1 double bassoon |
| Brass (orchestra) | 4-6 french horns, 4 trumpets, 3 trombones, 1 tuba |
| Percussion (orchestra) | 3-5 players, 1 timpani player(4-5 timpani), 2-4 on other instruments |
| medium | the specific group that performs the piece |
| opus number | another way works are identified through a cataloging system |
| oral transmission | the preservation of music without the aid of written notation |
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