unit 3 vocabulary # 2
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Maestro622 on October 1, 2010
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24 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Richelieu | French cardinal who strengthened the central government by destroying the power of the nobles |
| Colbert | a finance minister under Louis XIV that applied mercantilism to France to help increase revenue |
| Moliere | French classicist playwright who produced popular comedies that exposed the hypocrisies and follies of society. |
| Puritans | a group of Anglicans in England who wanted to purify their church of Catholic ways |
| protestant virtues | hard work, sobriety, thrift, competition and postponement of pleasure |
| Leviathan | Written by English philosopher Thomas Hobbes, maintained that sovereignty is ultimately derived from the people, who transfer it to the monarchy by implicit contract. |
| Charles 1 | enforced divine right and brought more Absolutist policies to England .Also brought too much Catholic influence. Tried and executed in 1649 as a "tyrant,traitor, murderer, and public enemy" |
| Second Treatise on Civil Government | what person believes or thinks is shaped by the environment in which he is raised. Bad society = bad people |
| Copernicus | Developed the first modern theory of a sun-centered universe |
| Newton | This physicist developed the law of universal gravitation and further caused the decline of the old system of science |
| Empiricism | the view that (a) knowledge comes from experience via the senses, and (b) science flourishes through observation and experiment |
| Bacon | English scientist and Franciscan monk who stressed the importance of experimentation |
| Descartes | This thinker developed a philosophy of two different worlds a material world and a world of the mind. This was called Cartesian dualism. He combined his ideas with Bacon to form the scientific method |
| Enlightenment | a movement in the 18th century that advocated the use of reason in the reappraisal of accepted ideas and social institutions |
| Skepticism | a doubting or questioning attitude |
| Separation of Powers | the division of power among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government |
| Montesquieu | French political philosopher who advocated the separation of executive and legislative and judicial powers (1689-1755) |
| Voltaire | French philosopher and writer whose works epitomize the Age of Enlightenment, often attacking injustice and intolerance |
| Diderot | French philosopher from 1713-84 who composed a 28 volume encyclopedia that included and spread many Enlightenment ideas |
| Rousseau | French philosopher from 1712-1778 who believed that people are naturally good, but are corrupted by society |
| Social Contract | the idea that an entire society agrees to be governed by its general will |
| Frederick the Great | Was the ruler of Prussia (a German state) and centralized the government and put it under his control. He was also known for being the royla drill sergent and improving his army. |
| Catherine the Great | This was the empress of Russia who continued Peter's goal to Westernizing Russia, created a new law code, and greatly expanded Russia |
| Tabula Rosa | Locke's idea that infants are blank slates who acquire knowledge through experience |
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