1.
"Sweat": Eccrine gland secretion
a hypotonic filtrate of the blodd that passes through the secretory cells of the sweat glands and is released by exocytes
99% water, some salt, vitamin c, antibodies, a metabolic wastes
2.
% of total surface area: used to describe sevarity of burns
head and neck 9%
anterior and posterior trunk - 36%
anterior and posterior upper limbs 18&
perineum 1%
anterior and posterior lower limbs 36%
3.
1st degree burn: epidermis
4.
2nd degree burn: through dermis
5.
3 layers of skin in descending order: Epidermis
dermis
hypodermis (superfical fascia)
6.
3 types of receptors: tactile, thermal , pain/pressue
7.
3rd degree burn: though hypodermis
8.
ABCD3 rule: Asymmetry
Border irregularity
color
diametere
elevation
9.
Apocrine sweat: same compositon as eccrine sweat plus fatty substances and protiens
quiet viscous and milky
cause of body oder
10.
Apocrine sweat glands: approximately 2000 of them confined to the axilary and angenital areas
larger than eccrine glands, and their ducts empty into hair follicles
11.
Arrector pili muscle: bundle of smooth muscle cells
12.
Cuticle: formed from a single layer of cells that overlap one another from below like shingles on a roof
help to keep neighboring hairs apart so that the hair does not mat
13.
diseases and poisoning of hair bulb: ??
14.
Eccrine (Merocrine) sweat glands: far more numerous and are particularly abundant on the palms, soles of the feet and forhead.
Simple, coiled, tubular glands
15.
End prgan of ruffini: heavy/ continuous touch
dermis
16.
Eumelanin vs pheomelanin: ?
17.
Flexure lines: an incision made paralle to cleavage lines results in less gapping, fasted healing and less scar tissue
18.
Free nerve endings: temperature, fine touch , pain
epidermis
19.
Function of Eccrine Glands: secretory part lies coiled in the dermis
duct extends to open in a funnel- shapped pore at the skin surfaces
20.
Functions of Interumentary system: protection
temperature regulation
vitamin D production
sensation
excretion
21.
Hair: flexible strands produced by hair follicles and consists largely of dead, keratiniazed cells
22.
Hair bulb: base of hair root
23.
Hair growth phases: anagen phases (6-8 yrs- growth)
catagen phases (2-3 wks - degenerative)
telogen phase (1-3 months - resting)
24.
hair root: below skin surface
25.
Hair shaft: above skin surface
26.
Intergumentry system: largest organ system
27.
Major components of Intergumentary system: skin
accessory structures (hair, mails, muscles and lands)
28.
Meissner's corpuscles: 2 point discrimination
just below epidermis
29.
Melanin transfer from melanocye to keratinocytes: - melanosome is produced by golgi apparatus
- melanosomes more into melaoncyte cell processes
- keratinocytes phagocytize the tips of the melanocyte cell processes
- these melanosomes are within keratinocytes
30.
Pacinian Corpuscles: pressure/ vibration
dermis/ subcutaneous
31.
Receptor: nerves associated with hair folicles
32.
Sebaceous glands: simple branched alveolar glands that are found all over the body except on the plams and soles
smalll trunk and limb with large face, neck and upper chest
secete sebum
33.
Shape of hair: Straight - round
wavy - oval
Curly - flat
34.
stratum basale: cells divide by mitosis and some of the newly formed cells become the cell of the more superficial strata
35.
Stratum corneum: dead cells with a hard protein envelope; the cells contain keratin and are surrounded by lipids
36.
Stratum lucidum: dead cells lie within dispersed keratohyalin
37.
stratum spinosum: keratin fibers and lammellar bodies accumulate
38.
Strautm granulosum: keratohyalin and hard protein enevlope form; lamellar bodies release lipids; cells die
39.
structure of hair follicle: dermal root sheath
external epithelial root sheath
internal epithelil root sheath
40.
Structure of hair shaft: Medulla - center
Cortex - outer surface
cuticle
41.
Sweat (sudoriferous) glands: distributed over the entire skin surface execpt the nipples and parts of the external genitalia
3 million per person
two types - eccrine and apocrine
42.
Tactile/ Merkel's discs: feels light touch
epidermis
43.
Tension lines: an incision made across cleavage lines can gap, increasing the time needed for healing, resulting in increased scar tissue formation
44.
The rule of nine: divides the body into 11 areas each accounting for 9% of total body surface
head, upper limb. trunk (front and back) , lower limbs
genitalia - 1%
45.
Thick skin: composed of stratum corneum, lucidum, granulosum, spinosum, basale and the dermis
46.
thin skin: composed of stratum corneum, granulosum, spinosum, basale and the dermis
47.
Trichosiderin: red hair pigment
