CP 8, The Integumentary and Musculosketetal Systems
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34 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 What is the Integumentary System? | Skin. The largest system or organ in the body. |
| What does Integument mean? | Covering. |
| What are the different types of tissues? | Epithelial, connective, and nerve tissue. |
| What are the different glands in the skin? | Oil glands and sweat glands. |
| What are the two skin layers of the body? | The epidermis and the dermis. |
| What is the Epidermis? | The outer layer that has living cells and dead cells. The dead cells were once deeper. They were pushed upward as the cells divide and constantly flake off. They are replaced by living cells which also die and flake off. It also contains pigment. Has no blood vessels and few nerve endings. |
| What is Pigment? | Gives skin it's color. |
| What is the Dermis? | The inner layer of the skin. It is made up of connective tissue. Blood vessels, nerves, sweat glands, and oil glands are found in the dermis, so are hair roots. |
| What are the Epidermis and Dermis supported by? | Subcutaneous tissue. |
| What is Subcutaneous Tissue? | A thick layer of fat and connective tissue that supports the epidermis and the dermis. |
| What is Hair? | An appendage of the skin that covers the entire body, except on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet. Hair in the nose and ears and around the eyes protects these organs from dust, insects, and other foreign objects. |
| What are Nails? | Appendages of the skin that protect the tips of fingers and toes. Nails help fingers pick up and handle small objects. |
| What are Sweat Glands? | Appendages of the skin that help the body regulate temperature. The body cools as sweat evaporates. |
| What is Sweat consisted of? | Water, salt and small amount of wastes. |
| Where is Sweat secreted through? | Pores in the skin. |
| What are Oil Glands? | Appendages that lie near the hair shafts in the skin. They secrete an oily substance into the space near the hair shaft, Oil travels to the skin surface and helps keep the hair and skin soft and shiny. |
| What are the many functions of the skin? | Protective coverings, prevents MO and other substances from entering the body, prevents excess amounts of water from leaving the body, protects organs from injury, nerve ending sin the skin sense both pleasure and unpleasant stimulation, regulates body tempearture. |
| What is the Musculoskeletal System? | Provides the framework for hte body. It lets the body move, also protects and gives the body its shape. |
| How many bones in the human body? | 206. |
| What are long bones? | Bear the bodys weight. Leg bones are these. |
| What are Short Bones? | Allow skill and ease in movement. Bones of the wrists, fingers, ankles and toes are these. |
| What are Flat Bones? | Protect the organs. The include the skull, pelvic, and shoulder blades. |
| What are Irregular Bones? | Are the vertebrae in the spinal column. They allow various degrees of movement and flexibility. |
| What are Bones? | Hard, rigid structures that are made up of living cells. |
| What covers the outside of bones? | Membrane called the Periosteum. |
| What is the Periosteum? | Contains blood vessels that supply the bone cells with oxygen and food. |
| What is Bone Marrow? | Inside the hollow centers of the bone that forms blood cells. |
| What are Joints? | A point at which two or more bones meet. They allow movement. |
| What is Cartilage? | Connective tissue at the end of the long bones. It cushions the joint so that the bone ends do not rub together. |
| What is the Synovial Membrane? | Lines the joints. Secretes synovial fluid that acts as a lubricant so the joint can move smoothly. |
| What are Ligments? | Holds bone togethers at the joint, made up of strong connective tissue. |
| What are Ball and Socket Joints? | Allows movement in all directions. It is made up of the rounded end of one bone and the hollow end of another bone. The rounded end of one fits into the hollow end of the other. The joints of the hips and the shoulders are an example. |
| What are Hinge Joints? | Allows movement in one direction. The elbow is an exmaple. |
| What is a Pivot Joint? | Allows turning from side to side. Connects the skull to the spine - atlas/axis. |
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