6 Written Questions

1. The movement of chemical substances, usually across the cell membrane, against a concentration gradient; requires cells to use energy
2. A protein that transports substances across a cell membrane
3. The diffusion of water or another solvent from a more dilute solution (of a solute) to a more concentrated solution (of a solute) through a membrane that is permeable to the solvent
4. The process by which a cell membrane surrounds a particle and encloses the particle in a vesicle to bring the particle into the cell
5. Describes a solution whose solute concentration is higher than the solute concentration inside a cell
6. In chemistry, the state in which a chemical process and the reverse chemical process occur at the same rate such that the concentrations of reactants and products do not change

6 Multiple Choice Questions

1. A carrier protein that uses ATP to actively transport sodium ions out of a cell and potassium ions into the cell
   1. sodium-potassium pump
   2. endocytosis
   3. diffusion
   4. osmosis
2. A solution whose solute concentration is equal to the solute concentration inside a cell
   1. hypotonic
   2. diffusion
   3. endocytosis
   4. isotonic solution
3. The movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy by the cell
   1. passive transport
   2. facilitated transport
   3. ion channel
   4. active transport
4. Describes a solution whose solute concentration is lower than the solute concentration inside a cell
   1. hypotonic
   2. hypertonic
   3. osmosis
   4. exocytosis
5. A difference in the concentration of a substance across a distance
   1. concentration gradient
   2. receptor protein
   3. active transport
   4. facilitated transport
6. The process by which a substance is released from the cell through a vesicle that transports the substance to the cell surface and then fuses with the membrane to let the substance out
   1. hypertonic
   2. exocytosis
   3. osmosis
   4. endocytosis

5 True/False Questions

1. facilitated transport → The transport of substances through a cell membrane along a concentration gradient with the aid of carrier proteins

   True        False

2. diffusion → The movement of particles from regions of higher density to regions of lower density

   True        False

3. ion channel → The process by which a cell membrane surrounds a particle and encloses the particle in a vesicle to bring the particle into the cell

   True        False

4. second messenger → A molecule that is generated when a specific substance attaches to a receptor on the outside of a cell membrane, which produces a change in cellular function

   True        False

5. receptor protein → A protein that binds specific signal molecules, which causes the cell to respond

   True        False