IPS Final
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Created by:
hollingerk on May 27, 2008
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37 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Synthesis | reaction- putting together A+B---C |
| Decomposition | break apart AB---A+B |
| Single Replacement | Displacement Ax+By---Bx+A |
| Double Replacement | displacement Ax+By---Ay+Bx |
| Exothermic | chemical reaction in which energy is released to the surroundings as heat |
| Endothermic | a chemical reaction that requires energy heat |
| Isotope | atom that has the same number of protons and neutrons (or the same atomic number) as other atoms of the same element do not but that has a different number of neutrons (and thus a different atomic mass) |
| Inhibitor | substance that slows down a reaction (preserve food) |
| Product | substance that forms in a chemical reation |
| Reactant | substance or molecule that participates in a chemical reaction |
| Catalyst | speeds up or slows down a reaction but is not changed by the reaction |
| Acceleration | the rate of which velocity changes over time; an objecct accelerates if its speed, direction, or both change |
| Velocity | the speed of an object in a particular direction |
| Speed | distance traveled divided by the time interval during which the motion occured |
| Displacement | the change in position of an object |
| Friction | action exerted on a body in order to change the body's state of rest or motion; force has magnitude and direction |
| Motion | object's change in position relative to a reference point |
| Newton | force that gives a mass of one kilogram an accleration of one meter per second squared |
| Covalent Bond | bond that is formed when atoms share one or more pairs of electrons |
| Ionic Bond | attractive force between oppositely charged ions, which form when elections are transfered from one atom to another |
| Atom | smallest unit of an element that maintains the chemical properties of that element |
| Element | substance that cannot be seperated or broken down into simpler substances by ordinary chemical means; all atoms of the same element have the same atomic number |
| Ion | an atom, radical, or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons and has a negative or positive charge |
| Malleable | capable of being extended or shaped by hammering or pressure from rollers |
| Ductile | capable of being drawn inot wire or threads |
| Mass | measure of the amount of matter in an object |
| Volume | measure of the size of a body or region in 3 dimensional space |
| Gravity | force of attraction by which bodies tend to fall towards the center of the earth |
| Matter | anything that has mass and takes up space |
| Groups | Vertical column of the elements in the perodic table; elements in the same group have the same chemical property |
| Periods | a horizontal row of the elements in the perodic table |
| Density | ratio of the mass of a substance to the volume of the substance; commonly expressed as grams per cubic centimeter for solids and liquids as grams per liter for fluids |
| Law of Conservation of Mass\Matter | matter cannot be created nor destroyed by ordinary chemical means |
| Mass Number | sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom |
| Physical Science | the study of energy and what stuff is made of |
| Physical Change | change in matter from one form to another in chemical properties |
| Chemical Change | change that occurs when one or more substances change into entirely new substances with different properties |
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