Chapter 17 Revolutions
Order by
32 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 absolute monarchy | a form of government headed by a ruler, or monarch, with unlimited power. |
| divine right | the belief that a monarch recieved authority to rule from god and therefore could not be questioned. |
| estates | the three social classes into which France was divided before the French Revolution including the clergy, the aristocracy, and common people. |
| aristocracy | the class of a society made up of member of noble families, usually the most powerful groups. |
| peasants | a small farm owner of farm worker. |
| Declaration of Rights of Man and of the Citizen | a statement issued by the French National Assembly in August 1789 that all men were born and remain free and equal in rights. |
| Reign of Terror | the period in Revolutionary France when suspected traitors were beheaded in great numbers. |
| Latin America | the cultural region including Mexico, the Caribbean, and South America that has been strongly influenced by Spain and Portugal. |
| mestizo | a person of Nativem American and Spanish ancestry. |
| confederation | a group of states or provinces under a central government. |
| Toussaint L'Ouverture | Haitian general; in 1802 he led a succesful slave revolution, leading to the independence of Haiti in 1804. |
| Miguel Hidalgo | Mexican priest and revolutionary who led a revolt that started the Mexican war of independence. |
| Jose Maria Morelos | Mexican priest and revolutionary who suceeded Miguel Hidalgo as rebel leader and issued a declaration of independance from Spain in 1813. He was captured and killed by Spanish soldiers in 1815. |
| Agustin de Iturbide | Mexican soldier and leader; he won Mexican independance from Spain and became ruler of Mexico from 1822 to 1823. |
| Simon Bolivar | leader if the struggle for independance in South America; his armies freed Columbia, Venezuela, and Peru from Spanish rule. |
| Jose de San Martin | Argentine soldier who led revolutions that freed Argentina and Chile from Spanish rule. |
| Hispaniola | a Caribbean island settled by Spaniards in 1493; a present day island that is divided into the Dominican Republic and Haiti. |
| Dolores | a city in central Mexico where Miguel Hidalgo began Mexico's independance movement in 1810. |
| Venezuela | a country in northern South America on the Caribbean Sea. |
| Industrial Revolution | a time when great technological advances changed the way goods were made and the ways people lived; it began in England in the 1700s and then spread throughout Europe and the U.S. |
| textile | a cloth fabric that is either woven or knitted. |
| factory | a building in which machines used to manufacture goods are located. |
| middle class | during the Industrial Revolution, the new class of business people. |
| working class | people who work for wages, such as factory workers. |
| socialism | an economic and political system based on collective or government ownership and control of all resources and industry; also a political philoshophy based on the writings of Karl Marx. |
| John Kay | English watchmaker who invented the flying shuttle used in weaving. |
| James Hargreaves | English inventor of the spinning jenny. |
| James Watt | Scotish engineer and inventor who developed a steam engine that burned coal in 1765. |
| Karl Marx | German philosopher and economist. His ideas called Marxism, formed the basis of communism. |
| gross domestic product | the total value of goods and services produced by a country during a year. |
| cartogram | a special kind of map that distorts the shapes and sizes of countries or other political regions to present economic or other kinds of data for comparison. |
| imperialism | the extension of a nations power over other lands by military, political, or economic means. |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.