| Term | Definition |
| Muhammad Ali Jinnah | leader of the Muslim League who believed India’s Muslims needed a separate nation to protect their rights |
| partition | division, such as the one that separated India into Muslim and Hindi countries |
| Jawaharlal Nehru | India’s first prime minister |
| Indira Gandhi | daughter of Jawaharlal Nehru and second Indian prime minister |
| Pervez Musharraf | army general |
| Vietminh | a group that fought for Vietnamese independence from the French |
| Ho Chi Minh | Communist leader of the Vietminh |
| domino theory | the belief that communism in one nation would quickly spread to |
| Viet cong | literally “Vietnamese Communist”; group that tried to overthrow Ngo Dihn |
| Sukarno | leader of Indonesian independence movement against Dutch rule |
| Suharto | Indonesian general who fought against an attempted coup d’état and then led an authoritarian regime |
| Khmer Rouge | Communist group that gained control of Cambodia in 1975 |
| Pol Pot | leader of the Khmer Rouge |
| Aung San Suu Kyi | leader of the opposition to the military dictatorship in Myanmar |
| Great Leap Forward | a plan to speed China’s economic development that involved |
| Cultural Revolution | a 1960s program that sought to end opposition to Mao and |
| Red Guards | groups of young men who traveled through China looking for possible |
| Gang of Four | group that wielded power during Mao’s final years, responsible for many |
| Deng Xiaoping | China’s leader after Mao’s death, helped put in place far-reaching |
| Tiananmen Square Massacre | event in the spring of 1989 when tanks and troops fired on pro-democracy protestors occupying Beijing’s Tiananmen Square |
| Ferdinand Marcos | Philippine president who became an authoritarian dictator in |
| Corazon Aquino | president of the Philippines, elected in 1986 after her husband, a rival |
| Kim Il Sung | Communist dictator who ruled North Korea after the end of the Korean War |
| Kim Jong Il | son of Kim Il Sung, became ruler of North Korea after his father’s death |
| Asian Tigers | Asian nations that made great economic gains by following |