Chapter 11-14 Science
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20 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 atom | the smallest unit of an element that maintains the proporties of that element |
| electrons | a subatomic particle that has a negative charge |
| nucleus | in physical science, an atom's central region, which is made up of protons and nuetrons |
| electron cloud | a region around the nucleus of an atom where electrons are likely to be found |
| proton | a subatomic particle that has a positive charge and that is found in the nucleus of an atom |
| atomic mass unit | a unit of mass that describes the mass of an atom or molecule |
| nuetron | a subatomic particle that has no charge and that is found in the nucleus of an atom |
| atomic number | the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom |
| isotope | an atom that has the same number of protons as the other atoms of the same element do but that has a different number of nuetrons |
| mass number | the sum of the numbers of protons and nuetrons in the nucleus of an atom. |
| atomic mass | the mass of an atom expressed in atomic mass units |
| periodic law | the law that states that the repeating chemical and physical properties of elements change periodically with the atomic numbers of the elements. |
| chemical bonding | the combining of atoms to form molecules or ionic compounds |
| chemical bond | an interaction that holds atoms or ions together. |
| valance electron | an electron that is found in the outermost shell of an atom and that determines the atom's chemical properties |
| ionic bond | a bond that forms when electrons are transferred from one atom to another, which results in a postive ion and negative ion |
| crystal lattice | the regular pattern in which a crystal is arranged |
| covalent bond | a bond formed when atoms share one or more pairs of electrons |
| molecule | the smallest unit of a substance that keeps all of the physical and chemical propeerties of that substance |
| metallic bond | a bond formed by the attraction between positively charged metal ions and the elctrons around them |
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