| Term | Definition |
| Wegener | wrote theory of Continental Drift |
| Continental Drift | Theory where continents are moving |
| seafloor spreading | confirmed theory of Continental drift, plates are moving apart |
| paleomagnetism | study of ancient magnetic record |
| crust | outer, rocky layer of Earth |
| mantle | largest layer of Earth, made of molten material |
| lithosphere | crust and upper mantle |
| asthenosphere | made of mantle rocks near melting point |
| Mesosphere | Inner mantle |
| outer core | made of iron and nickel, liquid |
| inner core | made of iron and nickel, solid |
| divergent | plates move away |
| convergent | plates come together |
| transform | plates move across each other |
| mantle convection | movement of mantle that causes plates to move |