1.
Absolute threshold: Minimum amount of stimulus you can detect at least 50% of the time
2.
Accomdation: The process by which the eye's lens changes shape to help focus near or far objects on the retina
3.
Anvil: anvil vibrates and hits stirrup
4.
Baislar membrane: contains cilia or hair cells that are activated when we hear
5.
Cochlea: coiled, bony, fluid-filled tube in the inner ear that transforms sound vibrations to auditory signals
6.
Cones: Cell in the eye that process color
7.
Cornea: Transparent tissue where light enters the eye
8.
Difference threshold: The smallest difference between two stimuli which a subject can detect at least 50% of the time
9.
Disparity: A binocular cue, we compare the two retinal images created by our eyes, and we compute distance
10.
Fovea: central point in the retina around which the eye's cones cluster, where vision is clearest
11.
Frequency theory: For low pitch, the rate of nerve impulses traveling matches the frequency of tone
12.
Hammer: vibrates and hits the anvil
13.
Interposition: A monocular cue, objects that block other objects ten to be perceived as closer
14.
Iris: Muscle that expands and contracts to change the size of the opening for light
15.
Kinesthetic sense: sense of body part position and movement
16.
Lens: Focuses the light rays on the retina
17.
Linear perspective: A monocular cue, parallel lines appear to converge in the distance
18.
Loudness: amount of energy in a wave, determined by amplitude of wave
19.
Oval window: opening of cochlea
20.
Parallel processing: processing of several aspects of stimulus simultaneously (color, depth, movement, form all at once)
21.
Place theory: For high pitch, the place where the cochlea's membrane is stimulated
22.
Psychophysics: a study of the relationship between physical characteristics of stimuli and our psychological experience with them
23.
Relative size: A monocular cue, two objects similar in size we perceive the one that casts a smaller retinal image to be farther
24.
Retina: Contains sensory receptors that process visual information and sends it to the brain
25.
Rods: black/white only, lines form no color
26.
Sensory adaption: After repeated exposure, and individual no longer attends to it
27.
Stirrup: sits at oval window, sends from ear drum to oval window
28.
Transduction: conversion of sensory inputs to nerve impulses
29.
Vestibular sense: sense of whole body balance or equilibrium
30.
Weber's Law: Two stimuli must differ by a constant proportion, not a constant amount, for a difference to be detected