| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Discrimination | A policy that denies equal rights to certain groups of peorple |
| Segregation | Legal seperation of people based on racial, ethnic or other differences |
| Civil Disobedience | Idea that people have the right to disobey laws that they consider to be unjust if their consequences demand it |
| Boycott | To refuse to buy or use certain goods or services. |
| Oppression | People are pushed and kept down by the government |
| Grass Roots | A movement that starts among the common people. |
| Prejudice | Irrational hatred of a people or group |
| Jim Crow Laws | Laws that separated people of different races in public places in the south |
| Freedom Riders | Civil Rights activists who rode from town to town to integrate bus terminals in the south |
| Black Panthers | Radical Black group that told blacks to arm themselves |
| Sit Ins | Non violent protest where people sit down and refuse to leave |
| NAACP | National Association for the advancement of colored people |
| NOW | National Organization of Women, formed to demand equal rights for women. |
| Plessy vs. Fergesun | The 1896 decision by the supreme court that said seperate but equal was okay |
| Brown vs. Board of Education | Thurgood Marshell said that separate facilities were not equal, case decided that segregation was not constitutional |
| Montgomery Bus Boycott | Boycott of bus system in Montgomery Alabama organized by Martin Luther King after Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat to a white man |
| March on Washington | In 1963 200,000 people marched to washington DC to get congress to pass civil rights laws. MLK made his famous speach |
| Freedom Summer | Civil Rights action in Mississippi to register Black voters |
| Cold War | The conflict between the US and Russia and their Allies for 45 years after WW2 |
| Emmet Till Murder | A Chicago Teenager who was dared to say something to a white girl and was brutally murdered. Motivated the civil rights movement. |
| Little Rock Nine | Nine black teenagers who volunteered to be the first to integrate a high school in Little Rock Arkansas |
| Civil Rights act of 1964 | Landmark law that protected rights and outlawed discrimination, passed by president Johnson |
| Voting Rights act of 1965 | Allowed federal officials to register voters in the south |
| Booker T. Washington | Founded Tuskegee Institute to educate blacks, told blacks to be patient about discrimination |
| W.E.B.Du Bois | told blacks to oppose discrimination, helped start NAACP |
| Ida B. Wells | Black journalist who told blacks to protest lynchings |
| Marcus Garvey | built "back to Africa" movement to increase black pride. Started Universal Negro Improvement Assoc. |
| Thurgood Marshall | Black lawyer who won the Brown vs Bd of Ed of Topeka case and later became member of Supreme court. |
| Mahatma Ghandi | Indian leader who used civil disobedience and passive resistance against British rule in India |
| Rosa Parks | Black woman who refused to give up her seat for a white man in Montgomery, Alabama. This started the Montgomery Bus Boycott. |
| Martin Luther King, Jr. | Great Civil Rights leader who gave the "I have a Dream" speech in Washington DC, assasinated in 1968. |
| Dwight Eisenhower | President in 1950's who sent Federal troops to make sure the "Little Rock 9" could stay in school safely. |
| Lyndon Johnson | President in 1960's who pushed through the Civil Rights act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965. |
| Malcolm X | Black Muslim leader who said Blacks needed to have separate society from whites, but later changed his views. He was assasinated in 1965. |
| Cesar Chavez | Organized United Farm Worker union and boycotted farms to get better conditions for Latinos. |
| Betty Friedan | Helped set up NOW (National Organization of Women) to get equal rights for women. |
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