BIOL 108 Chp 3 pt 2: Cell Structure and Function - Exam Review
About this set
Created by:
robswatski Teacher on October 9, 2010
Subjects:
biol 108, cell, biology, swatski, hacc
Description:
This flashcard set contains review questions based upon concepts in Chp 3 pt 2: Cell Structure and Function (What is Life? by Jay Phelan, 2010).
Classes:
Intro to Biological Science (BIOL 108) Study Group
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40 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 The largest and most prominent organelle in most eukaryotic cells is the _____. | nucleus |
| Chromatin is made of _____. | DNA |
| Chromatin is located inside the _____. | nucleus |
| The _____ functionas as a genetic control center and a storehouse for hereditary information. | nucleus |
| The nucleolus is located inside the _____. | nucleus |
| The _____ makes ribosomes. | nucleolus |
| The ribosomes make _____. | proteins |
| The _____ provides a cell's shape and support and controls intracellular traffic flow. | cytoskeleton |
| The inner scaffolding of the cell is called the _____. | cytoskeleton |
| _____ are short projections that can move fluid along and past a cell. | Cilia |
| The cytoskeleton is made of _____. | proteins |
| Cilia and flagellum can give a cell the ability to control its _____. | movement |
| Mitochondria convert the energy of carbohydrates into the chemical energy of _____. | ATP |
| The powerhouses of the cell are the _____. | mitochondria |
| According to the endosymbiosis theory, mitochondria most likely have evolved from _____. | bacteria |
| The matrix is located inside the _____. | mitochondria |
| Which organelles function as "garbage disposals" in the cell? | lysosomes |
| Lysosomes are filled with acids and digestive _____ that break down wastes, worn-out organelles, and bacteria. | enzymes |
| Name the three organelles that are part of the cell's endomembrane system. | rough endoplasmic reticulum, smooth endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus |
| The _____ includes a group of organelles that produce and modify molecules to be exported to other parts of the organism. | endomembrane system |
| The _____ is an organelle of the endomembrane system that modifies proteins to be shipped elsewhere in the organism. | rough endoplasmic reticulum |
| The membranes of the rough endoplasmic reticulum are studded with _____ that make proteins. | ribosomes |
| The _____ is an organelle of the endomembrane system that detoxifies molecules such as alcohols, drugs, and metabolic waste products. | smooth endoplasmic reticulum |
| The _____ is an organelle of the endomembrane system that synthesizes lipids, such as fatty acids, phospholipids, and steroids. | smooth endoplasmic reticulum |
| The _____ is an organelle of the endomembrane system that processes molecules synthesized inside the cell and packages those that are destined for use elsewhere in the body. | Golgi apparatus |
| The cell wall is made from the carbohydrate _____. | cellulose |
| Plant cells are surrounded by both a plasma membrane and a _____. | cell wall |
| The _____ provides additional protection and support for plant cells. | cell wall |
| In plants, a _____ can occupy most of the interior space of the cell. | vacuole |
| The _____ functions as storage space and plays a role in nutrition, waste management, predator deterrence, reproduction, and physical support. | vacuole |
| In plant and algae cells, photosynthesis takes place inside the _____. | chloroplasts |
| In photosynthesis, _____ energy is converted to chemical energy. | light |
| The fluid in the inside compartment of the chloroplast is called the _____. | stroma |
| The light-collecting for photosynthesis occurs inside the _____ of the chloroplasts. | thylakoids |
| According to the endosymbiosis theory, chloroplasts resemble photosynthetic _____. | bacteria |
| Both mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own _____. | DNA |
| The _____ directs most cellular activities by controlling which molecules are produced and in what quantity they are produced. | nucleus |
| The _____ serves as a series of tracks on which organelles and molecules are guided across and around the inside of the cell. | cytoskeleton |
| In addition to chemical energy, the mitochondria also produce water and _____. | carbon dioxide |
| Tay-Sachs disease is a genetic disorder that affects _____. | lysosomes |
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