Intro to Sociology - Chapter 7 - Social Classes in the United States
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27 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Social Stratification | is the ranking of people and the rewards they receive based on an objective criteria, often including wealth, power, and/or prestige. |
| Income | is the money received forwork or through investments. |
| Wealth | is all of your material possessions, including income. |
| Transitional Poverty | is a temporary state of poverty that occurs when someone loses a job for a short time. |
| Marginal Poverty | is a state of poverty that occurs when a person lacks stable employment. |
| Residual Poverty | is chronic and multigenerational poverty. |
| Absolute Poverty | is poverty so severe that one lacks resources to survive. |
| Relative Poverty | is a state of poverty that occurs when we compare ourselves to those around us. |
| Power | is the ability to carry out your will and impose it on others |
| .Delegated | means given or assigned. |
| Power Elite | is a small group of people who hold immense power. |
| Prestige | is the level of esteem associated with one's status and social standing. |
| Upper or Elite Class | is a social class that is very small in number and holds significant wealth. |
| Upper Middle Class | is a social class that consists of high-income members of society who are well educated but do not belong to the elite membership of the super wealthy. |
| Middle Class | is a social class that consists of those who have moderate incomes. |
| Working Class | is a social class generally made up of people with high school diplomas and lower levels of education. |
| Lower Class | is a social class living in poverty. |
| Urban Underclass | is a social class living in disadvantaged neighborhoods that are characterized by four components: poverty, family disruption, male unemployment, and lack of individuals in high-status occupations. |
| Social Mobility | is the ability to change social classes. |
| Horizontal Mobility | refers to moving within the same status category. |
| Vertical Mobility | refers to moving from one social status to another. |
| Intragenerational Mobility | occurs when an individual changes social standing, especially in the workforce |
| .Intergenerational Mobility | refers to the change that family members make from one social class to the next through generations. |
| Structural Mobility | occurs when social changes affect large numbers of people. |
| Exchange Mobility | is a concept suggesting that, within the United States, each social class contains a relatively fixed number of people. |
| Meritocracy Argument | states that those who get ahead do so based on their own merit. |
| Entitlement Program | is a program offering assistance to which a person is entitled, requiring no qualification. |
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