AP Biology- Metabolism (8.1)
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15 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Metabolism | the totality of an organism's chemical reactions |
| Metabolic Pathway | begins with a specific molecule, which is then altered in a series of defined steps, resulting in a certain product |
| Catabolic Pathway | a metabolic pathway that results in the release of energy by breaking down complex molecules to simpler compounds |
| Cellular Respiration | a catabolic pathway in which the sugar glucose and other organic fuels are broken down in the presence of oxygen to carbon dioxide and water |
| Anabolic Pathway | a metabolic pathway that consumes energy to build complicated molecules from simpler ones (are sometimes called biosynthetic pathways) |
| Bioenergetics | the study of how energy flows through living organisms |
| Energy | the capacity to cause change |
| Kinetic Energy | the energy associated with the relative motion of objects |
| Heat/Thermal Energy | kinetic energy associated with the random movement of atoms or molecules |
| Potential Energy | energy that matter possesses because of its location or structure |
| Chemical Energy | a term used by biologists to refer to the potential energy available for release in a chemical reaction |
| Thermodynamics | the study of the energy transformations that occur in a collection of matter |
| First Law of Thermodynamics | states that "energy can be transferred and transformed, but it cannot be created or destroyed" |
| Second Law of Thermodynamics | states that "every energy transfer or transformation increases the disorder (entropy) of the universe" |
| Entropy | measure of disorder, randomness |
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