Review Set: exam
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Created by:
Caseytaylor on October 10, 2010
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60 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Wave | A disturbance that transfers energy from place to place |
| Energy | Defined as the ability to do work |
| Medium | The material through which a wave travels |
| Crest | The highest part of a wave |
| Trough | The lowest part of a wave |
| Amplitude | The maximum distance the particles of a medium move away from their rest positions as a wave passes through the medium |
| Wavelength | The distance between two corresponding parts of a wave |
| Frequency | Number of complete waves that pass a given point in a certain amount of time |
| Hertz | The unit of measurement for frequency |
| Electromagnetic spectrum | The complete range of electromagnetic waves placed in order of increasing frequency |
| Electromagnetic radiation | The energy transferred through space by electromagnetic waves |
| Visible light | electromagnetic waves visible to the human eye |
| Transparent | That which transmits light without scattering it |
| Translucent | That which scatters light as it passes through |
| Opaque | Reflecting or absorbing all of the light that strikes it |
| Pigment | A colored chemical compound that can be used to color other materials |
| Secondary colors | Any color produced by combining equal amounts of any two primary colors |
| Complementary colors | Any two colors that combine to form a white light or black pigment |
| Primary colors | Three colors that can be used to make any other color |
| Reflection | The bouncing back of an object or wave when it hits a surface through which it cannot pass |
| Law of reflection | The rule that the angle of reflection equals the angle of incidents |
| Plane mirror | A flat sheet of glass that has a smooth, silver- colored coating on one side |
| Image | A copy of an object formed by reflection or refracted rays of light |
| Virtual image | An upright image that forms where light seems to come from |
| Concave Mirror | A mirror with a surface that curves inward like the inside of a bowl |
| Optical Axis | An imaginary line that divides a mirror in half |
| Focal Point | The point at which rays parallel to the optical axis meet or converge |
| Real image | Forms when rays actually meet |
| Convex Mirror | A mirror with a surface that curves out-ward |
| Refraction | The bending of waves as they enter a new medium at an angle |
| Lens | A curved piece of glass or another transparent material that refracts light |
| Convex lens | A lens thicker in the center than the edges |
| Concave lens | A lens thicker on the edges than the center |
| Cornea | Clear tissue covering the front of the eye |
| Pupil | Opening through which light enters the eye |
| Iris | The circular structure that surrounds the pupil and regulates the amount of light entering the eye |
| Retina | Sheet of light- sensitive cells at the back of the eye on which an image is focused |
| Rods | Receptor cells in the back of the eye that work best in dim light and help you see black, white, and gray |
| Cones | Receptor cells in the back of the eye that work best in bright light and help you see colors |
| Nearsighted | Being able to see nearby objects clearly |
| Farsighted | Being able to see distant objects clearly |
| Camera | An optical instrument that uses lenses to focus light and film to record an image of an object |
| Telescope | An optical instrument that forms and enlarged images of distant objects |
| Refracting Telescope | Uses two or more convex lenses to form images |
| Objective | Lens that gather light from an object and forms a real image |
| Eye piece | Lens that magnifies the image formed by the objective |
| Reflecting telescope | Uses a concave mirror to gather light from distant objects |
| Microscope | An instrument that makes small objects look larger |
| Electron microscope | A microscope using a beam of electrons to make a magnified image |
| Cell | These form the parts of an organism and carry out all of an organism's processes, or functions |
| Cell theory | A widely accepted explanation of the relationship between cells and living things |
| Unicellular | Single - celled organisms, organisms include bacteria, the most numerous organisms on earth (because they are easily reproduced) |
| Multicellular | Organisms composed of many cells |
| Tissue | A group of similar cells that work together to perform a major function |
| Organ | A structure in the body that is composed of different kinds of tissue |
| Organ System | A group of organs that work together to perform a major function |
| Organelles | Carry out specific functions within the cell |
| Cell Wall | A rigid layer or nonliving material that surrounds the cells of plants and some other organisms |
| Cytoskeleton | A protein "framework" inside the cell that gives the cells their shape |
| Cell membrane | The outside cell boundary that controls which substances can enter or leave the cell |
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