| Term | Definition |
| Atom | Smallest perticle that can exsist by itself that retains properties of that element. Consists of 3 subatomic particles, 2 of which are present in the nucleus and make up the physical properties of the atom. |
| Proton | (p+) has a positive charge and a mass of 1amu (atomic mass unit) |
| Neutron | (n) has a neutral or no charge and also has a mass of 1amu (atomic mass unit) |
| Electron | (e-) has a negative charge and is not present in the nucleus but instead orbiting the nucleus in shells of the atom making up its chemical property. Has a mass of1/2000 |
| Example | The element copper (Cu) has an atomic number of 29 and a mass number of 64. This means there are 29 protons (p+=29), 35 neutrons (n=35) and 29 electrons (e-=29). |