Botany Test
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47 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Necessary Adaptions for Plant Life of Land | obtain and retain water transport nutrients methods of reproduction |
| Cuticle | a waxy protective layer on the leaf; helps retain water and block out the sun |
| Vascular Tissue | xylem and phloem; veins of plant |
| New Reproductive Cells | Prevent drying out |
| Spores | genetic information ready to go |
| Mosses | no vascular tissue; need wet areas |
| Ferns | vascular tissue and spores |
| Conifers | naked seeds |
| Flowering Plants | Seeds enclosed in plant |
| Xylem | transports water upwards; nutrients |
| Phloem | transports "food" (sugar or sap) up or down |
| Epidermis | skin or bark of stem |
| Pith | stem core used for storage |
| Cortex | body of stem |
| Cambium | secondary/outward growth; horizontally |
| Stem | support for photosynthesis, transport nucleus, structure |
| Capillarity | how liquid rises against gravity i.e. xylem |
| Cohesion | molecules of the same substance that attract each other i.e. H2O |
| Adhesion | molecules of different substances that attract each other i.e. h2o and xylem |
| Apical Meristems | growth at tip |
| Intercalary Meristems | growth at segments; grass |
| Roots | absorb nutrients, stability, storage |
| Stomates | openings on the underside of the leaves that result from specialized cells called guard cells; allow gas exchange |
| Transpiration | water loss/evaporation of water through the stoma |
| Osmosis | water going to where it's not; defusion |
| Terger Pressure | pressure that pushes on the inside of the guard cells; allows stomates to open and close |
| Plant Life Cycle | Germination, Pollination, Fertilization, Seed dispersal |
| Germination | the seed that begins to grow when the conditions are right |
| Pollination | pollen is transferred from stamen to pistil |
| Fertilization | the formation of the embryo |
| Seed Dispersal | important to reduce competition |
| Dormancy Period | the seed will wait until the right time to grow; conditions are right |
| Radicle | embryonic root |
| Hypocotyl | embryonic stem |
| Plumile | first photosynthetic leaves |
| Cotyledons | embryonic/seed leaves; provide energy for germination from endosperm; wither away |
| Monocot | parallel venation, scattered vascular bundles, one cotyledon, 3 or 6 petals |
| Dicot | net venation, organized vascular bundles, two cotyledons, 4-5 petals |
| Self pollination | fertilization of same plant or one on same stem |
| Cross pollination | fertilization of another flower; genetic diversity |
| Chemotropism | in response to chemicals; inside pollen tube |
| Thigmotropism | growth in response to touch; vines |
| Gravitroism | growth in response to gravity; roots |
| Phototropism | growth in response to sun |
| Auxins | promote fruit growth |
| Gibberillins | promote leaf growth |
| Ethylene | gas phase hormone that promotes ripening |
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