Ch. 2 and 3
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Created by:
isaaranguren Plus on October 13, 2010
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32 terms
Latin | English |
|---|---|
| Agape |  literally "love." This was an early Christian religious meal that was at first closely related to the celebration of the Eucharist and often preceded this celebration |
| Apologist | generally, one who write a work in order to defend and explain the Christian religion. The title also refers specifically to a group of Church Fathers who wrote during the second and third centuries in the Roman Empire |
| Apostolic Father | Saintly writers of the early Church whom the Church recognizes as her special witnesses of Faith |
| Apostolic Tradition | Refers to the passing of the Faith of the Apostles from generation to generation |
| Baptism | The first Sacrament of Initiation, instituted by Jesus, unites the believer to Christ. In this sacrament, a believer is forgiven of original and personal sin, and thus begins a new life in Christ and the Holy Spirit, and is incorporated into the Church, the Body of Christ |
| Catechumens | Literally means "the instructed." Those adult seeking admission to the Church after having met over a long period of time for instruction before being baptized |
| The Didache | From the Greek word meaning "teaching," a first century treatise concerning Christian morals, practices, and ministry. Its sixteen chapters cover Baptism, fasting, prayers, the Eucharist, and the developing Church hierarchy among the early Christians |
| Eucharist | Literally meaning "thanksgiving," was, and is, the central act of Christian worship. It consists in consuming the Sacrament of Holy Communion, the Body and Blood of Christ |
| Ichthys | An acrostic for a Greek phrase, which is a declaration of the central tenet of the Christian Faith meaning "Jesus Christ, Son of God, Savior." The acrostic itself spells the word "fish" in Greek |
| Infant Baptism | The practice of baptizing infants that became more common during the third century and became universal by the early Medieval period. It remained the common practice for all western Christians until the Reformation in the 16th century |
| Martyrdom | Being killed for one's Faith. Christians understand martyrdom as an honor and privilege since it is a direct participation in the sufferings of Christ |
| Papacy | The Vicar of Christ as instituted by Jesus who hold the responsibility and supreme authority for guiding the Church |
| Presbyter | From the Greek word presbyteros for "priest," which is a contradiction of the Greek. In the early Church, the presbyters were the church elders |
| Ad Metalla | Literally means "to the mines." It refers to the punishment and death given to many Christians during the Roman persecutions |
| Apostasy | The willful renunciation of the Faith in its entirely |
| Apostate | A person who denies the Faith altogether |
| Domus Aurea | Latin for "House of Gold." It refers to the palace that was built at the center of Rome after the fire during Nero's reign. Some have suggested the desire to build this palace was Nero's reason for starting the fire |
| Insulae | Tenements for middle and lower class Romans constructed of wood and rubble |
| Tetrarchy | Emperor Diocletian's division of the Roman Empire into four separate administrative districts, each with its own Caesar |
| Trajan's Rescript | Policy for handling Christians in the Roman Empire which stated that Christians who renounced their faith and offered sacrifice would be allowed to live. Those who did not renounce their faith would suffer death |
| Vox Populi | Latin for "voice of the people." The early Church was often more threatened by the unconverted commoners in any given area than by the Roman state |
| Deacon | ordained to assist at Mass and distributed the daily material goods needed by members of the Early Christian community |
| Priest | ordained and is subordinate to the bishop, his role is to celebrate the Sacraments, specially the Eucharist |
| Bishop | a successor to the Apostles, he has the fullness of Christ's priesthood and oversees the Church in a particular city or region |
| Letter to Diognetus | possibly written to the Emperor Hadrian by St. Justin Martyr, this document argues that Christians are indeed good citizens even though they find themselves to be pilgrims and foreigners through a strange land while on the way to their heavenly homeland |
| Tertullian | Father of Latin Theology, first to use the term trinitas in Latin to describe the way God is in himself, later falls into the heresy of Montanism |
| Tacitus | Roman historian who gives witness to Nero's persecution of the Christians |
| St. Ignatius of Antioch | wrote 6 letters on his way to Rome to be martyred, first person to call the Church "Catholic" |
| St. Justin Martyr | heavily influenced by Stoicism and Platonism, used Platonic philosophy in his defense of Christianity against Jews and pagans, first to call Mary the new Eve and first person to use Logos |
| Pope St. Clement of Rome | third successor of Peter and the 4th pope, wrote to the Church in Corinth talking about Apostolic Succession and the need for obedience |
| St. Cyprian of Carthage | the Archbishop of North Africa |
| St. Polycarp | martyred at age 86 and a miracle during his martyrdom, won him eternal fame and glory both in heaven and on earth |
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