Audiology Exam 1
Order by
56 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Pathways of sound | Air conduction and Bone Conduction |
| Air Conduction | Air waves pass through out ear, and middle ear, impgnes on ear drum and hit inner ear |
| Bone conduction | Bypases OE and ME,starts vibration on mastoid process and send vibrations directly to inner ear |
| Conductive components | Out Ear: Pinna and ear canal Middle Ear: Ossicles, oval window, eustachian tube, tensor tympani muscle, stapedius muscles, ossicles |
| Sensorineural components | Inner ear: cochlea, auditory nerve, central auditory pathway |
| Types of acoustic stimuli | 1. Pure tones 2. Clicks and transients 3. Noise Bands 4. Speech |
| Pure Tone stimuli | Tonotopic organization of BM allows us to see if specfic part of BM is damaged (High on Basal, Low on Apical) Tests one frequency at a time |
| Click and transients | very brief (2ms) across broad frequencies. Assess auditory function that requires fine temporal relationships, ie timing in speech |
| Noise Bands | Noise signal across many frequencies, used in masking. 3 types: white noise, narrow band, speech shaped noise |
| White noise | Noise band; energy across all frequencies |
| Narrow band | noise band centered around one frequency |
| Speech shaped noise | more energy on lower frequencies than higher frequencies |
| Speech | Used most in hearing, complex and most changing Speech specific materials: spondees, phonetic content, familiarity of words, sentence materials |
| Average normal hearing | Test large number of young, normal listeners and average data to give threshold curve of hearing |
| dB SPL to db HL | dB SPL - Reference = dB HL |
| dB HL to db SPL | dB HL + Reference = db SPL |
| Dynamic Range of Hearing | Difference between threshold curve of hearing and LDL, aka Audibility area |
| Audiometer components | - Frequency control - Hearing level control - Tone Interupter - Transducer selector - Masking selector |
| Transducers | - Tuning Fork - Ear phones - Bone vibrator - Loud speakers - Microphone |
| Audiological Standards | A set of rules that specify equipment standards, technique, measurment, environment requirements so that all clinic will have consistency |
| Pure Tone audiometer | Audio oscillator, which generates pure tones of different frequencies. |
| Loud speaker calibration | SLM only |
| Headphone calibration | SLM and 6cc coupler |
| Bone Oscillator calibration | SLM and artificial mastoid |
| Interoctave frequency test | 20 dB difference or more between thresholds at adjacent octave frequencies |
| Hughson-Westlake method | Reccomended technique for pure-tone testing - Present audible tone at 30dB on 1000 HZ - Response to tone = -10dB until no response - No response = +5dB Repeat and find 2/4 response |
| Audiogram Interpretaion | - ear - degree - type - slope - symmetry |
| Degree of HL | 3-tone PTA, 2-tone PTA Normal, borderline, borderline normal, mild, moderate, moderately severe, severe, profound, anacoustic |
| 3-tone PTA | take average of 500, 1000, 2000 |
| 2-tone PTA | If frequencies range 20 or more, use two lowest frequencies from 500, 1000 and 2000 |
| Normal hearing | -10 to 15 dBHL |
| Borderline normal hearing | 16 to 25 dbHL |
| Mild hearing loss | 26 to 40 dBHL |
| Moderate hearing loss | 41 to 55 dBHL |
| Moderately severe loss | 56 to 70 dBHL |
| Severe hearing loss | 71 to 89 dBHL |
| Profound hearing loss | 91+ dBHL |
| Anacoustic hearing loss | >120 |
| Audiogram shape | - Flat - Sloping - Rising - Sharply sloping - Ski slope - Fragmentary - Notch - Trough shaped - cookie bite |
| Symmetrical loss | Both ears have similar slope and degree |
| Asymmetrical loss | Ears differ in degree and slope |
| Testing order | 1000 2000 4000 8000 1000 500 250 |
| Occlusion Effect | Oscillation of BC vibration of sound waves in NTE - 30dB at 250 HZ - 20 dB at 500 HZ - 10 dB at 1000Hz - 0dB at 2000 Hz |
| Overmasking | masking noise too high and interferes with TE |
| Undermasking | not enough masking, cross hearing occures in NTE |
| Masking for AC | ABG > 40dB IT= AC (TE) IM= AC (NTE) + 10 |
| Masking for BC | ABG > 10dB IT= BC (TE) IM= AC (NTE) + 10 + OE |
| Plateau Method | Response to tone= +5-10dB to masker No response to tone = increase tone till response If response each time tone increases, stop when masker increased by 20 |
| Masking Delimma | MD = ML (NTE)>IA + BC (TE) |
| Collapsed ear canal | HL on High frequencies use insert ear phones |
| Vibrotactile | Feel vibration than hearing sound use insert earphones |
| Shadow audiogram | AC=BC Difference RE and LE > or = 40dB |
| Scope of Practice | 1. Prevention 2. Identification 3. Evaluation 4. Slection and evaluation of sensory aids 5. Habilitation and rehabilitation of hearing impared |
| Effects of HL | - language development delay - do not hear ends of words - may repeat grades - Depression - isolation - health problems |
| Cross hearing | sound from TE travles to NTE |
| Interaural Attenuation | Loss of intensity between ears between 40 to 60 dB, none for BC |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.