MC study guide
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Created by:
blazeroland on June 4, 2008
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Mr. Corey's final good luck studying you're gonna need it
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245 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Anatolia | The peninsula between the Mediterranean and the Black Seas that is now occupied by most of Turkey; also called Asia Minor |
| Ashurbanipal | An Assyrian king who told people to bring back writings and collected about 20,000 cuniform tablets were now found form him. Made a huge library in Nineveh |
| city-state | A city and it's nearby farmlands -- A political area that works together for a common goal |
| civilization | A human society with advanced level of development in social and political organization and in the arts and sciences |
| Code of law | A set of written rules for people to obey |
| domesticate | To raise or tend an animal or plant to be the use to humans |
| drought | A period of little rainfall in which it makes it difficult to grow crops |
| empire | A group of territories and peoples brought together under one supreme leader |
| exile | Forced removal of one's homeland; banned for life |
| Fertile Crescent | An area of rich soil in the Middle East, stretching from the Mediterranian Sea through Mesopotamia to the Persian Gulf |
| Floodplain | Flat land bordering water or lake |
| geography | the study of earth and its people |
| government | A system for creating order and providing leadership. Laws and rules and maintaining order in an effort to promote the economy. |
| Hammurabi | The ruler of the Babylonian empire from 1792 to 1750 B.C. and created the first legal code of laws. |
| hunter-gatherers | A person who gathers food and hunts animals and moves when food gets scarce |
| Irrigation | To dig ditches to water your crops. |
| justice | Fair treatment of people, in keeping with the law |
| king | The highest ranking leader of a group |
| Lucy | The first human, the first human who left remains of her bones. She lived around 3.5 million years ago. |
| Mesolithic Age | The middle stone age, lasted from 10,000 B.C. to 6000 B.C. when we startedto control fire and develope language. |
| Mesopotamia | The land between two rivers, the Tigris and Euphrates rivers |
| Migration | To move from one place to another |
| Neanderthals | (Homo Neanderthalensis) were a extinct species or subspecies ( Homo Sapiens) that lived in the middle Paleolithic Age |
| Neolithic Age | The new stone age lasted from 8000 to 3000 B.C. and is was the begining of weaving and pottery |
| Paleolithic Age | The old stone age 2.5 million - 8000 B.C. was known for the use of stone tools |
| Plow | Was created by the Sumerians in 6000 B.C. |
| polytheism | the belief in more than one God |
| province | A subdivision of an empire or country |
| religeon | The worship of god,gods, or spirits |
| Royal Road | A road built for the empire which king Darius built and was 1,775 miles long. |
| satraps | the governor of a province in the ancient Persian Empire. Tax collectors |
| silt | fine,fertile soil deposited by a river. |
| slash and burn | Cutting down vegetation then burning it to create fine soil to grow crops |
| social class | A group of people with the same parents jobs for example a warrior or farmer |
| Sumer | An ancient region of southern Mesopotamia which rose around 3300 B.C. The first empire that ruled in Mesopotamia and is credited with inventing writing. |
| Surplus | An extra of something. |
| Technology | the use of one's mind to create what is neaded. |
| tribute | A payment of money or goods by one ruler to another in order to ensure protection |
| wheel | 3500 B.C. |
| ziggurat | An ancient Sumerian or Babylonian temple that rose in steplike levels and was used to observe the stars.It was like a city center |
| Why are there 20 provinces | The land was to big so king Darius had to brake the land up to be organized |
| Complex Village | A lot of people,homes,public buildings,religious center,education, and trade |
| What makes a Government? | King/Queen,Education,Warriors, People to rule,someone to enforce rules,legal laws,scribes,record keeping |
| growth of trade | Surpluses lead to the growth of trade because they had extra and they needed something else so they would trade |
| how did Darius unite an empire? | He built the Royal Road. He could transport his armies and collect taxes. he always expanded his empire with conquests. |
| 6 big ideas | Government,Geography,Culture,Beleif Sytems, Science and Technology,Economics |
| 5 traits of civilization | Advanced Technology,Advanced Cities,Record Keeping,Complex Institutions,Specialized workers |
| 7 countries of Central America | Belize,Costa Rica,El Salvador,Guatamala,Hondouras,Nicuragua,Panama |
| 4 types of homonids | Austrolopithecine,Homo Habilis,Homo Erectus,Homo Sapiens |
| 5 themes of geography | Location,Place,Region,Movement,Human-Enviromental Interaction |
| Farming started | 8000 B.C.E. to 5000 B.C.E. |
| Who were the Sumer? | They are the first civilization,which rose around 3300 B.C..They created bronze,the week,and writing(cuniform).The Sargon took over after. |
| Examples of traits | Advanced cities;Kish,Nippur,Ur.Specialized workers;preist,king,artisan.merchants, educators, investors Complex institutions;the temple,army,schools.Record keeping;writing cunieform, pictograph.Advanced technology;irrigation,bronze tools,cuniform,days of week.wheel and plow |
| Sumerian writing | cuniform |
| What type of rule did Cyrus have? | toleration |
| Nebuchadnezzar | A Babylonian king who conquered Jerusalem,and built the Hanging Gardens of Babylon |
| South America | Argentina,Bolivia,Brazil,Chile,Columbia,Ecuador,French Guiana,Guyana,Paraguay,Peru,Surinam,Uruguay,Venezuela |
| Hanging Gardens of Babylon | Built by king Nebuchadnezzar, a huge jungle tower.It is one of the seven wonders of the world. |
| Assyrians | They are the next group to take over the Fertile Crescent after the Sargon.Their king was king Ashurbanipal.They were defeated by the Medes and the Chaldeans. |
| Chaldeans | The new Babylonians, their king was king Nebuchadnezzar. |
| Ashurbanipal | The Assyrian king.He collected many writings and many of them were found. |
| Hammurabi's purpose of his code | He made laws so there is justice. |
| Sargon | The first empire,aka the Akkadian empire.Hammurabi was their king. |
| six island nations | cuba, haita, dom. rep, jamaica, bahamas, trinidad and tobago. |
| Greatest basketball team | Duke |
| What important inventions came from mesopotamia | Wheel, plow, writing, law codes, irrigation, days of the week, 60 minutes, 60 seconds |
| Why was Cyrus better than Darius? | Darius was consumed with conquest and not focusing on keeping everyone happy by practicing tolerance |
| Persian Empire | extended from India to Greece and help introduce the ideas of organization and importance of toleration and roads |
| What is the world's largest desert | antarctica |
| What is the largest river in Egypt? | Nile |
| cataract | water fall |
| delta | An area near a river's mouth where it deposits fine soil. |
| silt | Fine soil deposited by a delta. |
| fertile | good for growing crops |
| 2400 BC | Farming Technology, shaduf |
| crops | dough (risen), yeast,lettuce, radishes, asparagus, cucumbers, dates, figs, grapes, watermelons, and linen. |
| houses | Made by using bricks made of mud near the Nile mixed with chopped up straw |
| Mining | 6000 BC. copper, later iron, then gold. Turquoise and lazuli |
| scirbes | People who where profesional writers who served as record keepers. |
| line of rule | 1.Pharaoh 2. Priests and nobles 3. Scribes and government officials 4.Craftspeople and merchants 5.Farmers 6. Slaves |
| astronomy | 365 days based on a star called Sirius. In 365 it turned back to its main position. |
| Alberta | Edmonton |
| British Columbia | Victoria |
| Manitoba | Winnipeg |
| New Brunswick | Fredericton |
| Newfoundland and Labrador | St. John's |
| Northwest Territories | Yellowknife |
| Nova Scotia | Halifax |
| Nunavut | Iqaluit |
| Ontario | Toronto |
| Prince Edward Island | Charlottetown |
| Que'bec | Que'bec City |
| Saskatchewan | Regina |
| Yukon | Whitehorse |
| Alberta | Edmonton |
| British Columbia | Victoria |
| Manitoba | Winnipeg |
| New Brunswick | Fredericton |
| Newfoundland and Labrador | St. John's |
| Northwest Territories | Yellowknife |
| Nova Scotia | Halifax |
| Nunavut | Iqaluit |
| Ontario | Toronto |
| Prince Edward Island | Charlottetown |
| Que'bec | Que'bec City |
| Saskatchewan | Regina |
| Yukon | Whitehorse |
| subcontinent | A large land mass that is part of a continent but considered a separate landform |
| Hindu Kush | A mountain range along the northern border of India |
| Himalayas | A high mountain range that extends through northern India, southern Tibet, Nepal, and Bhutan |
| Monsoon | A seasonal wind that produces a wet or dry period in a region, especially in southern Asia |
| Harrapan Civilization | An ancient Indian culture , dating back to 2500 BC, that included the people of the entire Indus River region |
| Planned City | A city that is built according to a set design |
| Aryans | A member of the Indo-European people who crossed into India around 1500 BC |
| Caste System | A social class that a person belongs to by birth. |
| Brahmanism | The early religion of the Aryans in ancient India which leds to Hinduism |
| Hinduism | A religion and philosophy developed in ancient India, characterized by a belief in reincarnation and a supreme being who takes many forms |
| Shinto | Means the "way of the gods". They worship many gods called kami. They believe in the Gods of nature |
| Reincarnation | Rebirth of a soul in another body |
| Karma | The sum of one person's life, which determines his or her fate in the next life |
| Ahisma | Nonviolence |
| Buddhism | It is based on the teachings of Siddhartha Guatama (aka Buddha) Follow the Middle Path or Eight fold PAth |
| Siddhartha Guatama | A prince who founded Buddhism, and gave up his power to become enlightened. |
| Nirvana | A state pf wisdom which breaks the cycle of reincarnation |
| Dharma | The collected teachings of Buddha |
| Asoka | The greatest Maurya king, whose reign began in 269 BC. |
| Gandhi | A leader who used nonviolence (ahisma) to oppose the British rule of India |
| Hindu-Arabic Numerals | Numbers -- 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 |
| Yoga | It is simple meditations, and is widely used for relaxation. |
| Confucius | Confucius was the man who founded Confucianism, and he was a peacemaker who was appointed by the Duke of Lu to the minister of justice. |
| Oracle Bones | An animal bone or turtle shell used by the Shang kings of China to communicate with and influence the gods. |
| Pictograph | A picture or drawing that represents a word or an idea in an early system of writing |
| Dynastic Circle | 1.Mandate of Heaven: the gods approve the new emperor 2. the dynasty's power grows weaker 3 Disasters such as floods, and invasions occur 4 the people believe that the emperor has lost the gods' approval 5. the dynasty is overthrown 6. the new dynasty restores peace and order. |
| Mandate of Heaven | The new emperor has the gods' approval |
| Gobi Dessert | A large desert in China, it is on one end of The Great Wall of China. |
| Great Wall of China | A huge wall that is over 6000 miles, which was built to keep the Mongolians in the north out of China. |
| Han Dynasty | Created a bureaucracy. It began in 202 BC by Liu Bang. |
| Bureaucracy | A system of organized government departments staffed by appointed officials |
| Shang Dynasty | Started around 2000 BC. Thy used oracle bones and pictographs. |
| Zhou Dynasty | It started around 1027 BC. Started the dynastic cycle. |
| Philosophy | A investigation of basic truths about the universe, based on logical resoning |
| Legalism | A belief that a ruler should use the legal system to force people to obey laws |
| Qin Dynasty | Finally unified China. Shi Huangdi was the emperor. He was a legalist,. |
| Democracy | People's government |
| Communism | A system of government in which the state plans and controls the economy and a single, often authoritarian party holds power, claiming to make progress toward a higher social order in which all goods are equally shared by the people. |
| Daoism | It is a philosophy which is founded by Laozi. Daoism emphasizes living in harmony with nature |
| Filial Piety | A respect for one's family or ancestors(one of the teachings of Confucius) |
| Laozi | The founder of Daoism. |
| Shi Huangdi | The first emperor of Qin Dynasty which unified china and built a huge place where his tomb is and with over 6000 clay figure Terra Cotta Army horse and people protecting his tomb. |
| Terra Cotta Army | Shi Huangdi's army that was created for his tomb. |
| Silk Roads | Roads which helped in growing crops and trade. |
| Trans-Eurasian | Involving continents of Europe and Asia. The crossing over from Europe to Asia |
| Cultural Diffusion | A spread of ethnic ideas and customs to other areas of the world |
| Two major rivers in India | Ganges, and Indus |
| Who invented wheel, ploew, calendar, medicine, paper, days of the week, and bronze. | wheel-Mesopotamians. Plow-Mesopotamians calendar-Egyptians medicine-Chinese paper-Chinese days of the week-Mesopotamians bronze-Mesopotamians |
| Capital of China and India | China - Beijing India- New Delhi |
| Warring States | 7 states of China going into war. |
| What are the different castes in the caste system | Untouchables, Sudra, Vaisya, Ksatriya, and Brahmin |
| United Kingdom | London |
| France | Paris |
| Italy | Rome |
| Spain | Madrid |
| Portugal | Lisbon |
| Greece | Athens |
| Turkey | Ankara |
| Vatican City | Vatican |
| Germany | Berlin |
| Netherlands | Amsterdam |
| Denmark | Copenhagen |
| Ireland | Dublin |
| Finland | Helsinki |
| Latvia | Riga |
| Russia | Moscow |
| Ukraine | Kiev |
| Austria | Vienna |
| Hungary | Budapest |
| Belgium | Brussels |
| Monaco | Monaco |
| Cyprus | Nicosia |
| Iceland | Reykjavik |
| Slovenia | Ljubljana |
| Switzerland | Bern |
| Andorra | Andorra La Vella |
| Sweden | Stockholm |
| What is the capitol of Greece and the capitol of Greece Golden Age? | Athens |
| Greece has three bodies of water surrounding it what is that called? | Peninsula |
| A narrow strip of land connected in between Greece what is it called? | Isthus |
| What % of mountains cover Greece? | 70-80% |
| The southern tip of Greece forms a seecond penninsula called? | Peloponnesus |
| Who were the Phoenicians? | They were poeple who lived in Greece before the Athenians and Spartans. They also created the alphabet |
| Who ruled Athens until his death? | Pericles |
| When did the Golden Age begin? | 477 BC |
| What does Greeks eat? | Olives, apricots, lamb, and wheat |
| Who stole fire from the gods? | Promethius |
| This allowed poor people to be politicians | paid officials |
| When was the first Olympic Games held? | 776 BC |
| What is direct democracy? | The citizens run the government |
| What did Pericles build to make Athens beautiful? | He built the Parthenon |
| Parthenon | The temple for Athena the goddess of wisdom |
| What was the big war between Athens and Sparta? | The Peloponnesian War |
| What caused the war? | The people did not like how the Athenians were using the money from the Delian League |
| What was Sparta's strategy? | Cut off Athen's food suply |
| What was Athen's strategy? | Rely on sea power |
| Who won? | The Spartans |
| monsoons | seasonal winds that dominate India's climate |
| delta | broad, marshy triangular area of land formed by deposits of silt at the mouth of a river |
| theocracy | a type of government in which rule is based on religious authority |
| culture | the way of life of a group of people |
| loess | a yellowish silt-like fertile soil found in the bed of the Yellow River |
| cultural diffusion | spreading of cultural traits from one place to another |
| empire | serveral independent states brouhgt under the control of one ruler |
| fuedalism | a political system in which nobles are granted the use of lands that legally belong to a king in return for loyalty and military service |
| polytheism | belief in many gods |
| city-state | a city that functions like an independent country |
| papyrus | reeds grown in Nile Delta, used as paper |
| oracle bone | used by Chinese to ask questions of the gods |
| China | Mandate of Heaven, no trading with other civilizations, society divided between nobles and peasants, ancestral worship, Zhou Dynasty |
| Mesopotamia | Hammurabi, Sargon of Akkad, no natural barriers, Babylonian Empire, Ur, Invented wheel, Fertile Crescent |
| Egypt | Narmar, flooding predictable, Memphis |
| Indus Valley | Harappan civilization, no social classes, written language not yet deciphered, remarkable planned cities, Hohenjo-Daro |
| gain mastery of food supply | a culture must do this before a civilization can develop |
| mountainous terrain | what was not a challenge faced by Sumerians |
| temple priests | who ran Sumer's earliest governments |
| 4 | Sumerians's society was divided into how many social classes |
| the wealthy and poor were not treated equally | what was a negative aspect of Hammurabi's Code |
| Hyskos | invaded and conquered Egypt in 1630 BC |
| in the Nile Delta | Lower Egypt was |
| were polytheistic, believed in the afterlife, worshipped the Pharaoh | in terms of religion the acient Egyptians |
| Mesopotamia | the Harappans traded with the peoples of |
| earthquakes, nutrients sapped from fields, invaders from the north | what may have led to the decline of the Indus Valley civilazation |
| true | evidence suggest that the Harappan civilization may have been a theocracy |
| Yellow (Haung He) River | which river is known as "China's Sorrow" |
| True | Ancient China was isolated from other civilizations |
| Shang | this dynasty ruled China from 1700 BC to 1027 BC |
| 2 | ancient Chinese society was divided into how many social classes |
| a god and ruler | what are the dual roles of a Pharaoh |
| Indo Gangetic Plain, Deccan Platue, Southern Tropical Lands | what are the three geographic regions of the Indian subcontinent |
| when wars became so frequent that military leaders never stepped down | what was the process in which military leaders became full-time rulers of the Mesopotamian city-state |
| written language had no link to spoken language | what was unique about China's system of writing |
| could be learned by all people & were over 500 characters to learn | what was an advantage and disadvantage of China's system of writing |
| Zues | the ruler of the gods in Greek |
| Ziggurat | an ancient sumerian temple |
| vault | an arch that forms a ceiling or roof |
| Trinity | Father, Son and Holy Spirit |
| tyrant | a ruler who has taken power illegally and rules with restrictions |
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