Chapter 15 Chemistry Vocabulary
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Created by:
csoyoonpark on June 4, 2008
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22 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 alkaline | a solution in which a base has completely dissociated in water to yield aqueous OH- ions |
| Arrhenius acid | a chemical compound that increases the concentration of hydrogen ions, H+, in aqueous solution |
| Arrhenius base | a substance that increases the concentration of hydroxide ions, OH-, in aqueous solution |
| binary acid | an acid that contains only two different elements: hydrogen and one or the more-electronegative elements |
| oxyacid | an acid that is compound of hydrogen, oxygen, and a third element, usually a non-metal |
| strong acid | an acid that ionizes completely in aqueous solution |
| weak acid | an acid that is a weak electrolyte |
| amphoteric | any species that can react as either an acid or a base |
| Bronsted-Lowry acid | a molecule or ion that is a proton donor |
| Bronsted-Lowry acid-base reaction | the transfer of protons from one reactant (the acid) to another (the base) |
| Bronsted-Lowry base | a molecule or ion that is a proton acceptor |
| conjugate acid | the species that is formed when a Bronsted-Lowry base gains a proton |
| conjugate base | the species that remains after a Bronsted-Lowry acid has given up a proton |
| diprotic acid | an acid that can donate two protons per molecule |
| monoprotic acid | an acid that can donate only one proton (hydrogen ion) per molecule |
| polyprotic acid | an acid that can donate more than one proton per molecule |
| triprotic acid | an acid able to donate three protons per molecule |
| Lewis acid | an atom, ion, or molecule that accepts an electron pair to form a covalent bond |
| Lewis acid-base reaction | the formation of one or more covalent bonds between an electron-pair donor and an electron-pair acceptor |
| Lewis base | an atom, ion, or molecule that donates an electron pair to form a covalent bond |
| neutralization | the reaction of hydronium ions and hydroxide ions to form water molecules |
| salt | an ionic compound composed of a cation from a base and an anion from an acid |
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