Volcanoes
Order by
28 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 USGS | United States Geological Survey |
| HVO | Hawaii Volcano Observatory |
| Flood basalt plateau | Fluid basaltic lava covering vast areas |
| Shield volcano | Typically form over hotspots. Made from fluid lava. |
| Caldera | A broad circular depression in a volcano |
| Cinder cone | Propelled magma and ash that pile up by a vent |
| Tephra | ash, cinders, and pumice formed when magma explodes. |
| Lava dome | Like toothpaste squeezed from a giant tube. Piles up around a lava vent. |
| Stratovolcano | Built with alternating layers of tephra and lava. |
| Strata | Layers |
| Summit crater | Depression at the site of summit eruptions. |
| Pyroclastic flow | Swirling cloud of pumice, ash, and hot gas. |
| Central conduit | Passage through which magma is erupted. |
| Young lava flows | lavas from recent eruptions exposed on the surface. |
| Flank vents | Sites of eruptions on the flanks of the volcano. |
| New tephra | Debris from recent exploive eruptions. |
| Old tephra | Debris from earlier explosive eruptions. |
| Magma | Molten rock below ground. Consists of lilquid, suspended crystals, and gases. |
| Lava | Magma that erupts non-explosively. |
| Volume | How much magma is erupted |
| Viscosity | The opposite of fluid. Slow moving. |
| Volatiles | The amount of gas and how easily it can escape. |
| Divergent boundaries | Where most volcanoes occur |
| Basalt | Hard, dense, dark volcanic rock composed of olivine, pyroxene, and plagioclase. Often has a glassy appearance. |
| Pele's tears | Droplets of basaltic lava that mold into tear-shaped glassy beads as they fall. |
| Pele's hair | Spun hairlike filaments of volcanic glass formed naturally from molten lava that hardened while subjected to high winds. |
| Ring of Fire | An extensive zone of volcanic and seismic activity that roughly coincides with the borders of the Pacific plate. |
| Seismic | Strong, low frequency sound waves caused by tectonic plate movement. |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.