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Flagellum locomtion organelle present in some animal cells; composed of a cluster of microtubules within an extension of the plasma membrane (not found in plant cells) Centrosome region where the cell's microtubules are initiated; contains a pair of centrioles (not found in plant cells) Cytoskeleton reinforces cell's shape, functions in cell movement; components are made of proteins Microfilaments component of the Cytoskeleton; cell motility/shape/division; cytoplasmic streaming; muscle contraction; cell shape Intermediate Filaments component of the Cytoskeleton; fomation of nuclear lamina; anchorage of nucleus/organelles; cell shape Microtubules component of the Cytoskeleton; organelle/cell motility; chromosome movement; cell shape Microvilli projections that increase the cell's surface area Peroxisome organelle with various specialized functions; produces hydrogen peroxide as a by-product, then converts it to water Mitochondrion organelle where cellular respiration occurs and most ATP is generated Lysosome digestive organelle where macromolecules are hyrolyzed (not found in plant cells) Golgi Apparatus organell active in sythesis, modification, sorting, and secretion of cell products Ribosomes complexes that make proteins; free in cytosol or bound to rough ER or nuclear envelope Plasma Membrane mambrane enclosing the cell Chromatin material consisting of DNA and proteins; visible as individual chromosomes in a dividing cell Nucleolus structure involved in production of ribosomes; a nucleus has one or more nucleoli Nuclear Envelope double membrane enclosing the nucleus; perforated by pores; continuous with ER Endoplamic Reticulum network of membranous sacs and tubes; active in membrane synthesis and other synthetic and metabolic processes; has rough and smooth regions Cell Wall outer layer the maintains cell's shape and protects cell from mechanical damage; made of cellulose, other polysaccharides, and protein (not found in animal cells) Plasmodesmata channels through cell walls that connects the cytoplasms of adjacent cells (not found in animal cells) Chloroplast phtosyntheitc organelle; converts energy of sunlight to chemical energy stored in sugar molecules (not found in animal cells) Central Vacuole prominent organelle in older plant cells; functions include storage, breakdown of waste, hydrolysis of macromolecules; enlargement of vacuole is a major mechanism of plant growth (not found in animal cells)