Chapter 4.1 & 4.2
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16 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 atom | The basic particle from which all elements are made |
| electron | a negatively charged particle that is found outside the nucleus of an atom |
| nucleus | the central core of an atom |
| proton | a positively charged particle that is part of an atom's nucleus |
| energy level | The specific amount of energy an electron has |
| neutron | A small particle in the nucleus of the atom, with no electrical charge |
| atomic number | the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom |
| isotope | an atom with the same number of protons and a different number of neutrons from other atoms of the same element |
| mass number | the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom |
| atomic mass | the average mass of all the isotopes of an element |
| periodic table | A chart of the elements showing the repeating pattern of their properties |
| period | a horizontal row of elements in the periodic table |
| group | Elements in the same vertical column of the periodic table; also called a family |
| chemical symbol | a one- or two-letter representation of an element |
| plasma | a gas-like state of matter consisting of a mixture of free electrons and atoms that are stripped of their electrons |
| nuclear fusion | the process in which two atomic nuclei combine to form a larger nucleus, forming a heavier element and releasing huge amounts of energy |
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