States of Matter Ch. 3
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26 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Classifing Materials | Matierals can be classified as solids, liquids, or gases based on whether their shapes and volumes are definite or variable |
| Solid | the state of matter in which materials have a definite shape and volume |
| Solids | * paricles close together * particles vibate * constant shape and volume * almost imcompressible |
| Liquid | the state of matter in which a matter has a definite volume, but no definite shape |
| Liquids | * particles farther away * particles stay together * constant volume, but not shape * almost imcompressible |
| Gas | the state of matter with no definite volume or definite shape |
| Gases | * particles far apart...no attractive force * particles moving very fast * no constant shape or volume * easily compressed * vapor |
| Vapor | matter as a gas that is usually a liquid or solid at room temperature |
| Plasma | high engery and temperature. charged gaseous particles |
| Kinetic Theory | all particles of matter are in constant motion |
| Pressure | the result of a force distributed over an area |
| Factors that affect gas pressure | 1. temperature 2. volume 3. number of particles |
| Gas laws | 1. Charles Law 2. Boil's Law 3. Combined Gas Law 4. Gay-Lussac's Law |
| Phase Change | reversible physical change that occurs when a substance changes from one state of matter to another |
| Endothermic Change | absorbs energy from its surroundings |
| Exothermic Change | releases energy to its surroundings |
| Melting & Freezing | the arrangement of molecules becomes less oderly as water melts and more orderly as water freezes |
| Heat of Fusion | the engery a substance must absorb in order to change from a solid to a liquid |
| Vaporation | the phase change when a substance changes from a liquid to a gas |
| Heat of Vaporization | the phase change a substance must absorb in order to change from a liquid to a gas |
| Evaporation | the process that changes a substance from a liquid to a gas at temperatures below boiling point |
| Vapor Pressure | pressure caused by the collisions of water in a vapor with the walls of the container |
| Boiling Point | the temperature at which a substance boils |
| Condensation | phase change from a gas or vapor to a liquid |
| Sublimation | the phase change from a solid to a gas |
| Desposition | the phase change from a gas or vapor directly to a solid |
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