Science Final
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Created by:
alioopsta123 on June 9, 2008
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58 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 scientific method | state problem,gather info,hypothesis,test,observe data,state conclusion,repeat work |
| adhesion | water molecules stick together |
| polarity | +/- charges |
| surface tension | adhesion of water molecules on a surface |
| meter | unit of measurement for length |
| liter | unit of measurement for volume of a liquid |
| gram | unit of measurement for mass |
| mass | amount of matter in an object |
| operational definition | statement that describes how a particular variable is to be measured |
| weight | measurement of the pull of gravity of the mass of an object |
| density | measure of amount of mass in a certain volume |
| mass divided by volume equals | density |
| motion | when an object's distance from its reference point is changing |
| reference point | place or object used for comparison to determine if something is in motion |
| distance divided by time equals | speed |
| velocity | speed in a given direction |
| acceleration | rate at which velocity changes |
| newton's first law | object stays at rest/stays in motion until an outside force acts upon it |
| newton's second law | object accelerates when a force acts upon it |
| newton's third law | for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction |
| inertia | resistence to change |
| net force | overall force on an object after all forces are added together |
| allele | one gene for a trait |
| homozygous | both alleles are the same |
| heterozygous | two different alleles |
| two kinds of energy | kinetic,potential |
| kinetic energy | motion |
| potential energy | stored |
| forms of energy | mechanical,thermal,chemical,electrical,electro-magnetic,nuclear |
| mechanical energy | associated with motion or position of an object |
| thermal energy | total energy of the particals in an object |
| chemical energy | potential energy stored in chemical bands that hold chemical compounds |
| electrical energy | moving electrical charges carry |
| electro-magnetic energy | travels in waves/the light you see |
| nuclear energy | stored in the nucleus of an atom/released during nuclear reactions |
| crest | top of the wave |
| trough | bottom if the wave |
| amplitude | height of the wave |
| wavelength | distance between 2 crests |
| frequency | number of waves in a given space |
| angle of incidence | where light strikes surface |
| angle of reflection | where light bounces off |
| opaque | no light gets through |
| heat | transfer of thermal energy from a substance at a higher temperature to a substance at a lower temperature |
| conduction | process when heat is transferred from one particle to another without movement of matter |
| convection | movement that transfers heat within liquid |
| convection current | circular flow when hot water rises and cool water takes its place |
| radiation | transfer of energy by electro-magnetic waves |
| conductor | material that conducts heat well |
| insulator | material that does not conduct heat well |
| evolution | gradual change in species over time |
| adaptation | trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce |
| gradualism | evolution occurs slowly but steadily |
| punctuated equilibria | species evolve during short periods of rapid change |
| homologous structures | similar body structures that related species have inherited from a common ancestor |
| cast | mold that becomes filled in with hardened materials |
| characteristics of living things | made of cells,reproduction,respond to environment,metabolism,movement,life span |
| needs of living things | food,oxygen,water,living space,energy,homeostasis |
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