Life Science Lesson 1
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44 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 membrane | controls which molecules pass in & out of the cell, it is said to be selectively permeable |
| positive transport | movement through a cell membrane without using energy |
| diffusion | the passive transport of molecules moving from area of many to areas of fewer |
| equillibrium | a condition in which molecules are spread evenly(equally) |
| osmosis | the passive transport of water through a memebrane |
| the movement of water into plant roots is an example of___________ | osmosis |
| Diffusion stops or slow down when molecules reach___________. | equillibrium |
| Three examples of passive transport_____, _____, and __________. | perfume, osmosis, facilitated diffusion |
| Active transport | when molecules require energy to pass through a cell memebrance |
| Endocytosis | moves particles into (endo) cells |
| Exocytosis | moves large particles out (exit) of cells |
| metabolism | process by which organisms change chemicals into energy they need to live |
| Enzymes (catalyst) | can cause changes and are reusable |
| Living things are divided into two groups based on_______________. | how they obtain their food |
| Producers | organisms that make their own food |
| Consumers | organisms that can't make it's own food and eat producers |
| Chlorophyll | green pigment found in chloroplasts |
| Photosynthesis | takes place in the chloroplast and must be in the presence of sunlight |
| Process that some producers use to change light energy into chemical energy to make food | Photosynthesis |
| Oxygen | a gas that is important because it is needed in photosynthesis |
| Formula for photosynthesis | 6CO2 + 6H2O = C2 H12 O6 and O2 |
| Respiration | the process that releases energy, uses food and occurs in the mitochondria (powerhouse) |
| During respiration energy is either _____________ or _______________. | stored, released |
| Respiration begins in the _____ and moves into the __________. | cytoplasm, mitochrondria |
| Fermentation | the energy releasing process that takes place when oxygen levels are low |
| Lactic acid | buildup can cause soreness when muscles are overworked |
| CO2 is waste | respiration (R) |
| occurs in mitocondria | respiration (R) |
| uses light energy | photosynthesis (P) |
| O2 is given off | photosynthesis (P) |
| makes C6H12O6 | photosynthesis (P) |
| uses chlorophyll | photosynthesis (P) |
| Nitrogen | the most abundant element in our planet's atmosphere |
| gas most important to plant life | Nitrogen gas |
| Nitrogen is almost entirely usable to life forms in the state | GAS |
| Fixed | the process of converting nitrogen |
| Specialized bacteria | used in the process to fix nitrogen, converting it, so it can used by plants |
| Nitrogen cycle | the process of nitrogen being fixed, used by plants and animals, later returned to the atmosphere |
| Carbon | important element for living things |
| Water | most abundant substance in an organism |
| the process in which carbon is extracted from the atmosphere by plants | photosynthesis |
| Decompose | process by which when plant and animals die much of their carbon is returned to the atmosphere |
| Fossil fuel | altered the balance within the carbon cycle in the past century as humans began using it for energy |
| Carbon cycle risk | by releasing more carbon into the atmosphere than being locked up |
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