American History Politics and Reform
About this set
Created by:
emilyproudfoot on October 18, 2010
Subjects:
Log in to favorite or report as inappropriate.
Order by
48 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 spoils system (patronage) | when the government changes, so do the civil service workers |
| half-breeds | republican reformers who were accused of backing reform simply to create openings for their own supporters. |
| stalwarts | Republicans fighting for civil service reform during Garfield's term; they supported Cleveland. |
| Roscoe Conkling | a politician from New York who served both as a member of the United States House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate. He was the leader of the Stalwart faction of the Republican Party. |
| Election of 1880 | James A. Garfield, Chester A. Arthur (republicans). Winfield Scott (democrats). Garfield won election, but was assassinated by Charles J. Guiteau |
| Charles Guiteau | American lawyer who assassinated President James A. Garfield on July 2, 1881. He was executed by hanging. |
| Pendleton Act | Allowed the president to decide who got the jobs in the civil service. |
| Republican Party | political party established in the United States in 1854 with the goal of keeping slavery out of the western territories |
| Democratic Party | One of the two major U.S political party; to support a decentralized government and state's rights |
| Political Bosses | powerful politician who controls work done locally and demands payoffs from businesses and controlled political parties |
| Mugwumps | Republican reformer who chose to change parties rather than accept Blaine as their candidate |
| Wabash Case | Established the principle that only the federal government could regulate interstate commerce. |
| Interstate Commerce | trade between two or more states |
| Intrastate Commerce | business transactions involving companies that do business only in one state. |
| Election of 1888 | Benjamin Harrison/republican vs. Grover Cleveland/democrat= Harrison |
| Mckinley Tariff | Bill that lowered federal revenue and transformed the nations budget surplus into a budget defict. |
| Sherman Antitrust Act | an 1890 law that banned the formation of trusts and monopolies in the United States |
| Patrons of Husbandry | Nations 1st national farm organization...AKA...grange. |
| Cooperatives | farms owned and operated by the government |
| Farmer' Alliance | Started in South Lamasas County, Texas and was to raise prices, and sadly failed. |
| Charles Macune | one of the founders of the National Farmers' Alliance and Industrial Union |
| Populist Party | U.S. political party formed in 1892 representing mainly farmers, favoring free coinage of silver and government control of railroads and other monopolies |
| Populist Platform | 8 hour work day, graduated income tax, RRs to return land not used to build RRs so farmers could get cheap under Homestead Act, silver, government ownership of RR/telephone/telegraph, farm warehouses, direct election of senators |
| Gold Bugs | a person who believes that American currency should be based on a gold standard |
| Silverites | people who believed coining silver in unlimited quantities would solve the nations economic crisis |
| William Jennings Bryan | United States lawyer and politician who advocated free silver for teaching evolution in a Tennessee high school. Also wrote the "Cross of Gold" speech. |
| William McKinley | 25th President of the United States |
| Tenent Farmers | Pays for rent for farms through money. |
| Landless Farmers | Payed rent through Crops, not money. |
| Benjamin Singleton | Leader of African American pioneers know as exodusters, who moved to the Great Plains after the Civil War. |
| poll tax | a tax of a fixed amount per person and payable as a requirement for the right to vote |
| grandfather clause | an exemption based on circumstances existing prior to the adoption of some policy |
| Jim Crow Laws | Limited rights of blacks. Literacy tests, grandfather clauses and poll taxes limited black voting rights |
| Civil Rights Act | Allowed african americans in public places at any time wanted. |
| Homer Plessy | man who challenged the Louisiana law requiring blacks to ride in a separate car on trains |
| Ida Wells | African American who led the fight against lynching |
| Booker T Washington | African American progressive who supported segregation and demanded that African American better themselves individually to achieve equality. |
| Atlanta Compromise | Major speech on race-relations given by Booker T. Washington addressing black labor opportunities, and the peril of whites ignoring black injustice |
| W.E.B Dubois | 1st black to earn Ph.D. from Harvard, encouraged blacks to resist systems of segregation, helped create NAACP |
| Gold Standard Act | established gold as the only standard for redeeming paper money, stopping bimetallism; signed bye McKinley |
| Tammany Hall | a political organization within the Democratic Party in New York city seeking political control by corruption and bossism. |
| Rebates | Partial refunds |
| Interstate commerce commission | 1st federal law designed to regulate interstate commerce. |
| Greenbacks | Name for Union paper money not backed by gold or silver. |
| Inflation | a general and progressive increase in prices |
| Deflation | an economic activity resulting in a decline of prices |
| Graduated Income Tax | tax on earnings that charges different rates for different income levels |
| Exodusters | African Americans who moved from post reconstruction South to Kansas. |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.