| Term | Definition |
|---|
| meaning change | bully |
| borrowing | when new words are formed from words from other languages |
| folk etymology | a learner creates the wrong etymology for a word because they've never seen/heard it before, i.e., an unfamiliar listeme is matched with a familiar one (bated=baited) |
| back-formation | type of folk etymology; happen when a language learner comes across a word that contains a familiar sound sequence (burgle from burglar) |
| clipping | multi-syllabic word is reduced in size to a word 1-2 syll ables long and soon replaces the original word (bus from omnibus)(Pete from Peter) |
| clipping characteristics | don't pay attention to morpheme boundaries, retain the word that carries the main stress |
| exercise 2a fridge as a back formation vs. clipping | page 10 |
| extreme clippings | abbreviations and acronyms |
| acronym | set of initials that is read out as a single phonological word |
| abbreviation | a set of initials that is read out one letter at a time |
| spreading | when an acronym acqires a more general meaning than the original phrase (AWOL) |
| back formation & spreading | lase from laser, from Light Amplification By the Stimulated Emission of Radiation |
| group I suffixes | borrowed from the French into English after 1100 AD, shift stress to the final syllable of the stem (AR.tist to arTIS.tic) |
| group II suffixes | original prehistoric English suffixes OR early borrowings from French, don't shift stress at all (YEL.low-YEL.lowish) |
| group III suffixes | carry stress from the main part of late borrowings after 1800 AD from Latinate languages, the word to themselves (KITCH.en to KITCH.en.ETTE) |
| Latinate vs. Germanic suffixes order of attachment | German suffixes can follow Latinate suffixes (((STEM)-(LATINATE AFFIX(ES)))-(GERMANIC AFFIX(ES))) |
| Latinate suffixes rules | can attach to bound and free roots (-able, capable and washable) |
| Germanic suffixes rules | can only attach to free roots (-hood) |
| lexical entry for Germanic suffixes | page 4 |
| lexical entry for Latinate suffixes | page 4 |
| lexical entry for stress shifting | page 5 |
Combine with other sets
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