World Religion
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Created by:
kaylanpurcell on October 24, 2010
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62 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 diversity in hinduism | no specific doctrine and there is no set group of beliefs that everyone adheres to-monism, athetism, agnositc,monotheistic, polytheistic |
| dravidians | 2500-1500BCE |
| aryans (vedic period) | 1500-500BCE, path of riticual action, based off of the vedas |
| britain | came in and blanket labelled all the people in india as hindu, even though they believed different things |
| epic and puranic | 500BC-500CE |
| medieval period | 500-1500CE |
| modern period | 1500-present |
| vedas | hymns, prayers, and rituals related to the gods-most influential text in himduisn, oldest test as well 1400-4--BCE, there are 4 vedas |
| rig veda | most important group of texts, each veda is composed of 4 types of literature (polytheistic, sacrifice, and ritual is the center) |
| upanishads | early philisophocal speculation on the nature of the ultimate reality |
| bhagava-gita | all actions must be done with complete detachment, that is, acting without the false sense of ego, its actually a poen, Mahabharata is the larger poem that includes the gita (arguna is the main person; krishna is argunas charitot driver) |
| purana | legends written about the gods |
| laws of manu | descriptions of the duties of the four classes in the caste system as well as the 4 stages of life |
| caste system | brahmins:priests kshatriyas:military vishay: merchants sudras: servants (untouchables ) |
| creations of the universe (purusha sukta) | everything came from the sacrifice of one man-purusha-almost a god, creation comes from him by sacrificing himself and different parts of him, Sacrifices are necessary to maintain cosmic order because creation itself was a product of sacrifice. The Vedas themselves were birthed from the 4 types of sacrifices; follow Vedas to put things back into cosmic order because everything in the cosmos is a sacrifice. |
| origins of gods | existence came out of nonexistence; gods were created along with the rest of the universe. There was thought that there was a dimension before this one and that is how this dimension came about. |
| indra | Indra was high on soma and killed a dragon-was known as a Vedic god-he is the warrior god and through that order was restored and creation occurs |
| vritra | demon god that Indra myth portrayed as a snake and with him no order was possible doesn't allow it to rain, Indra slays him and it is able to rain again and balance is restored |
| varuna | god to maintain cosmic and social order |
| parusha | in the creation of the universe, god that creation derives from |
| aditi | female god that births other gods in the origin of gods myth |
| daksha | hes the male god that all other gods came from |
| indra | the warrior god that slayed the snake and restored the cosmic balance |
| vritra | snake that indra slayed and is the demon god and the god of chaos |
| agni | vedic god of fire, mediator between gods and humans |
| brahma | god often associated with creation |
| vishnu | god of preservation |
| shiva | god of death, destruction, end of things, and reproduction |
| shakti | worship of the feminine gods |
| brahman | ultimate transcendent and all things |
| atman | eternal and unchanging essence in an immortal soul-often referred to as SELF (in a monistic point of view brahman and this are considered the same thing) |
| karma | all actions have an effect on you |
| samsara | eternal cycle of birth, suffering, death, rebirth |
| moksha | release or freedom from samsara |
| the indus valley civilization | 2500-1500 BCE, includes the dravidians and aryans |
| vedic period | 1500-500BCE, primary scripture is the Vedas, the Aryans derive into this one and the path of ritual action comes out of the Vedic Period and then the path of knowledge and wisdom and the world view changes from a polytheistic to a monistic point of view. |
| epic and puranic period | 500BC-500CE, the upanishads are the main scripture and the path of devotion derives from this period |
| medieval period | 500-1500CE |
| modern period | 1500-present |
| ninian smart worldview | ritual:sacrifices ehtical: restraint, celibacy, having few possessions doctrinal: vedas, upanishads mythical: vedic myths experiential: yoga (mystical) social: caste system |
| Development of buddhism | buddha was a prince and hinduism wasnt enough for him and he didnt agree with it, meditated underneat a tree until he reached englightenment-grows out of Hinduism, rejection of the vedas, rejects the caste system, embraces samsara, karma, moksha-6th century BCE |
| siddhartha | he was the man that had the moment of englightenment underneath the tree, and began teaching, not a god |
| 4 noble truths | life is suffering: life is unsatisfactory desire causes suffering: causes karma overcome suffering by overcoming all desires 8 fold noble path |
| nirvana | buddhist version of moksha |
| impernanence | related to suffering, there are difference processes in which humans do not have control: getting sick, dying and decay. |
| difference between hindus and buddhist | believe that atman is the fundamental truth and you gain immortality by gaining Brahman. Buddhisnt dont believe in the existence of a permany and fixed reality, everything is subject to change |
| no-self (selflessness) | there is not concept of self. buddha taught that self is a false notion and it is ever changing |
| dependant arising | everything come into this world depending on other parts to help it survive |
| God is back chapter 5 | Religion has positive social benefits-religion is a social connection religion provides help in communities that need help, like charity work; a large portion of charity work comes from religious organizations= soul craft Religion produces social capital-people in religious community can pull together to better each other's lives. Health benefits: emotional help, general happiness, longevity-people with religious affiliations are living longer |
| God is back chapter 6 | Secular businesses have targeting religions consumers and religious people use businesses to spread their message Relationship: business and religion are feeding off of each other Religion is an economic force in that entrepreneurs are making innovations to increase the market and is one of America's major products; it's a diverse and competitive market |
| God is back chapter 7 | Religion is making resurgence through politics |
| neoconservatives | focues on the sociological persepctive, wanted no government interference in economy, they dont want big corporations to take over, wanted to boost religion and morality, wanted religion to fix the economy |
| theo conservatives | roman catholics, theological, wanted to restore religion back into the public, capitalism and religion can coexist |
| evangelicals | put intelligence behind religion, most anti intellectual group, rejected intellectuals and their perspectives, literal translators of the bible, anti abortion and sexuality, conservative- in more modern times they are re engaging religious intellectual life in america to have more substantial arguments, one of the fastest growing groups becoming educated |
| religion in America | stronger, and has more to do than just with politics and society |
| path of ritual action | 1st path created and need to perform rituals and sacrifices to keep cosmic balance-found in the vedas |
| path of knowledge/wisdom | focus on being freed from samara-shift away from the worldview of the vedas, only through this knowledge you will be free |
| path of devotion | for freem you need complete devotion to one god |
| wakeful conciousness | most basic level of conciousness |
| dream state | higher lever, still body concious |
| dreamless sleep | still body and still mind |
| brahman (OM) | able to transcend all permanent elements |
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