| Term | Definition |
|---|
| constituent | everything that is dominated by a single node or has the same mother |
| constituent test 1) | movement |
| constituent test 2) | passivization: The truck produced filthy fumes. Filthy fumes are produced by the truck. |
| constituent test 3) | (fronted or topicalized): I like Belgian beer, but I hate Belgian wine. Belgian beer I like, but Belgian wine I hate. |
| constituent test 4) | clefting: She liked Belgian beer. It was Beligan beer that she liked. (But not Belgian, because Belgian it was beer that she liked. is ungrammatical.) |
| constituent test 5) (works for VPs and NPs) | pseudo clefting: She liked Belgian beer. What she did was like Belgian beer. |
| constituent test 6) | substitution with pronouns, one, do so, |
| constituent test 7) | question formation: a string is a constituent if it can be given as an asnwer to a question: He liked Belgian beer. What did he like? "Belgian beer" |
| coordination | only constituents can be coordinated |
| conjunctions only join... | identical constituents |
| coordinated main verbs example | Frank washed and ironed his shirts yesterday. NOT Frank washed and his shirts yesterday. |
| ellipsis | a type of deletion only consituents can undergo: I haven't won a lot of matches at Wimbeldon but Boris Becker has (won a lot of matches at Wimbeldon). |
| Right Node Raising | special type of ellipsis used in coordination (the shirts for Frank washed _______ and Bob ironed ________, not just "shirts" |
Combine with other sets
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