Chapter 6 How Cells Harvest Chemical Energy
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Created by:
schumacherl on October 27, 2010
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18 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Herbivores | animals that feed on plants, such as the chipmunk |
| Carnivores | Animals that feed on other animals, such as the lion |
| Omnivores | animals that feed on plants and animals, such as the bear |
| Decomposers | Organisms that break down the organic waste in ecosystems, such as bacteria |
| Producers (Autotrophs or photosynthetic organisms) | living things that make their food from CO₂ and H₂0 (ex plants, algae) |
| Consumers (heterotrophs) | living things that get energy by eating types of consumers are herbivores, carnivores, omnivores, decomposers |
| Cellular Respiration | aerobic harvesting of chemical energy from organic fuel molecules (a living version of internal combustion) -the main way that chemical energy is harvested from food and converted to ATP -It is AEROBIC process because it REQUIRES OXYGEN |
| Reasons for the need of energy | -keep the heart pumping blood -Breathing -Maintain consistent body temperature -Digest food |
| Oxidation | Loss of electrons -In cellular respiration glucose is oxidized losing electrons to oxygen |
| Reduction | Acceptance of electrons -Oxygen is reduced during cellular respiration accepting electrons (and H) lost from glucose |
| Oxidation-Reduction Reactions (redox reactions) | chemical reactions that transfer electrons from one substance to another |
| Steps of Cellular Respiration | 1. Glycolysis -Anaerobic 2. Citric Acid (Kreb's Cycle) -Aerobic 3. Oxidative Phosphorylation -Aerobic |
| Glycolysis | 2ATP, 2NADH, 2 H₂O Location: cytoplasmic fluid |
| Kreb's Prep | 2NADH, 2CO₂ |
| Citric Acid | 2ATP, 6NADH, 2FADH₂, 4CO₂ Location: mitochondrial matrix |
| Oxidative Phosphorylation | 34 ATP, 4 H₂O Location: inner mitochondrial matrix |
| Water Formation | ½O₂ + 2H⁺ +2e⁻ --> H₂O |
| Cellular Respiration Formula | C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ -->6CO₂ + 6H₂O + 38 ATP Location: Mitochondria |
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