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af-, ag- toward, increasing ap-, al- toward alb- white ana- up, upward, toward bio- life con-, com- together, with col-, cor- together de- away from, down, not dis- apart separate ec- out, away ecto- outside en-, em- in ex-, e- out, away in-, il-,im-, ir-, not infra- below, under, beneath intra- within juxta- near, beside meta- beyond, after milli- one-thousandth per- through re- again, back ultra- beyond, excessive -ac pertaining to -desis binding -e noun marker -form resembling, like -graph instrument for recording -iasis condition, formation -iatric pertaining to medical treatment -iatry study or field of medicine -ist specialist -meter instrument used to measure -ory pertaining to -penia abnormal reduction -philia attraction -plasia development -rrhexis rupture -scopy process of viewing with a scope CCU coronary care unit ED emergency department OPD outpatient department a.m.a. against medical advice bpm beats per minute C celsius, centigrade C.C. chief complaint CNS central nervous system CP chest pain CPE complete physical exam CV cardiovascular PAR postanesthetic recoery RTC return to clinic RTO return to office FH family history GBS gallbaldder series GU genitourinary H & P history and physical HEENT head, ears, eyes, nose, throat Hx history I & D incision and drainage L left L & W living and well MM mucous membrane NP new patient NYD not yet diagnosed P Pulse P &P papanicolaou smear and pelvic examination PE physical examination pH potential hydrogen iod concentration PI present illness PMH past medical history PT physical therapy Px physical examination R right R/O rule out re/ recheck ref referral ROS review of systems SR systems review Rx prescription S/R suture removal TPR temperature, pulse, respiration Tx treatment UCHD usual childhood disases US ultrasound WDWN well-developed and well nourished WNL within normal limits y.o. year old cc cubic centimeter 1 cc = 1 mlo gm gram deca- x 10 hect- x 100 kilo- x 1000 deci- / 10 centi / 100 milli- / 1000 micro- / 1,000,000 a before ad lib. as desired aq water d day ~p after per by, through PO by mouth PR through the rectum p.r.n. as needed PRN same as p.r.n. PV through the vagina q) every qh every hour q2h every two hours q.i.d. four times a day ~s without sig: instruction to patient soln. solution sp. spirits ~ss one half syr. syrup T topical x times, for degeneration change of tissue to a less functionally active form etiology cause of a disease prophylaxis protection against disease remission cessation of signs and symptoms cutane / o skin hidr / o sweat hist / o tissue kerat / o hard skin, horny tissue, keratin onych / o nail seb / o sebum sebum is oil squam / o scale trich / o hair xanth / o yellow xer / o dry -phagia eating, swallowing Bx biopsy ankyl / o stiff arthr / o joint burs / o bursa calc / o calcium fasci / o band of fibrous tissue kyph / o hump lamin / o lamina lei / o smooth muscle lord / o curve oste / o bone pector / o chest rhabd / o straited, skeletal muscle spondyl / o vertebra -asthenia weakness -clasia breaking -desis binding -physis growth -schisis splitting -trophy deelopment CTS carpal tunnel syndrome EMG electromyography ortho Orthopedics ROM range of motioin SLE systemic lupus erythematosus abduction movement away from the midline adduction movement toward the midline circumduction movement in a circular motion depression act of lowering a body part from a joint dorsiflexion act of pointing the foot upward elevation act of raising a body part from a joint eversion act of turning outward extension increase in the angle of a joint flexion decrease inthe angle of a joint hyperextension increase inthe angle of a joint beyond what is normal inversion act or turning inward plantar flexion act of pointing the foot downward pronation act of turning downward or inward protraction movement of a body part anteriorly retraction movement of a body part posteriorly rotation act or process of turning on an axis supination act of turning upward or outward cerebell / o cerebellum cerebr / o cerebrum dur / o dura mater encephal / o brain mening / o membrane myel / o spinal cord, bone marrow poli / o gray matter psych / o mind tetra- four -algesia excessive sensitivity to pain -algia pain -esthesia feeling sensation -kinesia movement -lepsy seizure -paresis slight paralysis -phasia speech -plegia paralysis -praxia action ALS amyotrophic lateral sclerosis CAT computed axial tomography CP cerebral palsy CVA cerebrovascular accident LP lumbar puncture atri / o atrium coron / o crown, circle kary / o nucleus vas / o vessel -apharesis removal -blast immature stage, germ, bud -crit separation -cytosis abnormal condition of cells -globin protein AF atrial fibrillation AS aortic stenosis ASD atrial septal defect CHD coronary heart disease CHF congestive heart failure ECHO echocardiography HTN hypertension MVP mitral valve prolapse PDA patent ductus arteriosus PVC premature ventricular contraction VT ventricular tachycardia alveol / o air sac capn / o carbon dioxide coni / o dust phren / o diaphragm pneum / o breath spir / o breathing -ema condition -oxia oxygen -sphyxia pulse ARDS acute respiratory distress syndrome CXR chest x-ray URI upper respiratory infection an / o anus cec / o cecum cheil / o lip chol bile cholecyst / o gallbladder gingiv / o gum hepat/ o liver lapar / o abdomen peritone / o peritoneum stomat / o mouth -ase enzyme -chezia defacation -iasis abnormal condition -pepsia digestion -prandial meal BE barium enema EUS endoscopic ultrasound andr / o male calc / i calcium cortic / o cortex, outer region crin / o secretion dips / o thirst natr / i sodium somat / o body ster / o solid structure oxy- rapid, sharp -agon assemblage, a gathering together ACTH adrenocorticotroic hormone DI diabetes insipidus TFT thyroid function test aque / o water blephar / o eyelid cor / o, core / o pupil dacry / o tear, tear duct glauc / o gray ir / o iris lacrim /o tear mi / o smaller, less ocul / o eye opt / o vision palpebr / o eyelid scot /o darkness uve / o vascular layer of the eye vitre / o glassy -tropia a turning ast astigmatism IOP intraocular pressure OD right eye OS left eye REM rapid eye movement VA visual acuity VF visual field aur / i ear ot / o ear tympan / o eardrum -cusis hearing -acousia hearing -otia ear condition oto otology albumin / o protein cali / o calix cyst / o urinary bladder ket / o ketone bodies meat / o opening, passageway nephro / o kidney pyel / o renal pelvis ren / i kidney vesic / o urinary bladder ADH antidiuretic hormone; vasopressin ARF acute renal failure CFR chronic renal failure ESRD end-stage renal disease HD hemodialysis PKU phenylketonuria balan / o glans penis colp / o vagina culd / o cul-de-sac hyster / o uterus men / o menses metr /o uterus nat /i birth vert /i a turning -arche beginning -pause cessation -tocia labor, birth AB abortion CS cesarean section CX cervix ECC endocervical curettage EMB endometrial biopsy FHT fetal heart tones HSV herpes simplex virus multip multipara PSA prostate-specific antigen