| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Glomerular blood hydrostatic pressure (GBHP) | Blood pressure within the glomerulus; major force that drives blood across filtration membrane into the Bowman's capsule; 55mmHg |
| Capsular hydrostatic pressure (CHP) | Pressure exerted by filtrate that is already in the Bowman's capsule; exerts pressure in the opposite direction (toward glomerulus); 15mmHg |
| Blood colloid osmotic pressure (BCOP) | Pressure exerted by proteins that have already passed through the first layer of the filtration membrane; also pushes in the opposite direction, toward the glomerulus; 30mmHg |
| Net filtration pressure | GBHP - (CHP + BCOP); body maintains constant *** ********** ******** (stays at 10mmHg) despite changes in systemic blood pressure |
| Renal autoregulation | Negative feedback loop used to regulate kidney filtration rate |
| Juxtaglomerular cells | Contains stretch receptors in the afferent arteriole that dectects increased BP (increased filtration rate); JG cells then constrict to decrease the amount of blood crossing the filtration membrane (decreases BP) |
| Macula densa | Cells in the DCT that contain chemoreceptors; senses the ionic changes (i.e, increase) in blood and trigger arteriole constriction |
| Hormonal regulation | Hormones used to regulate overall blood pressure; e.g. ANP and angiotensin II |
| Atrial Natiuretic Peptide (ANP) | Hormones that are secreted by cardiac cells when the atria are stretched, due to increased BP - as a result, ANP increases the permeability of the filtration membrane, causing blood volume and blood pressure to decrease |
| Angiotensin II | Its precursor is secreted by the liver; is secreted due to decreased BP, which causes constriction of the afferent arteriole - this leads to a decrease in the filtration rate and an increase in blood volume and blood pressure |
| Reabsorption | Movement of water and solutes from the renal tubule back in the blood; occurs everywhere, especially in the PCT; returns nutrients, water, and ions in the blood |
| Transport maximum | Max amount of nutrients that is absorbed per minute; speed of symporters |
| Symporters | Actively transports two molecules at once; is the main transporter of nutrients during reabsorption in the PCT |
| Renal threshold | Blood concentration at which a substance enters urine; transport maximum exceeded |
Combine with other sets
Share on Facebook
Share on MySpace