Pharm T4: Minerals
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Created by:
HansDReis87 on October 27, 2010
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50 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 WHAT MINERAL???strengthen bones and teeth -role in reducing incidence of colorectal cancer - helps to initiate muscle contractions - involved in cell wall permeability | Calcium |
| On average how many pounds of calcium are found within an adult | 2-3 lbs. |
| CALCIUM supplements are minimally effective when taken alone, only - ___ mg can be adsorbed per dose | 500 mg |
| Low levels of this mineral are associated with hypertension | calcium |
| WHAT MINERAL??? activates enzyme pathways responsible for fat digestion, protein metabolism and muscle contraction | Calcium |
| Symptoms of Deficiency bone fractures, muscle contractions, cramps, seizures, loss of height (osteoporosis). What mineral is this for? | Calcium |
| INTERACTIONS Vit. D and oral contraceptives increase absorption of ________. | calcium |
| INTERACTIONS calcium may decrease levels of _________ (alendronate) an osteporosis drug | Fosamax |
| ____supplements decrease calcium absorption | Iron |
| combination of ________(phenytoin) and calcium - result in decreased absorption of both | Dilantin |
| alcohol, caffeine containing foods (soda), chocolate - deplete what mineral? | Calcium |
| THESE ARE ALL NATURAL SOURCES OF WHAT MINERAL? nuts, milk, cheese, salmon, tofu, yogurt, broccoli, almonds -fortified foods, - orange juice , cereals | Calcium |
| CALCIUM ABSORPTION ______ salt better absorbed in low acidity stomach (elderly) - reduces abdominal discomfort, nausea / vomiting | Citrate |
| What mineral promotes bone growth, nerve and muscle function, heart & rhythm and conduction of nerve impulses? | Magnesium |
| WHAT MINERAL??? inhibits platelet aggregation - like aspirin - thins the blood like Coumadin (warfarin) - relaxes blood vessels like ACE inhibitors | Magnessium |
| people with fibromyalgia - find relief from fatigue, pain and muscle twitching by supplementing with _________ | Magnessium |
| What mineral is important in people with chronic wasting illnesses - cancer AIDS or surgical patient | Magnessium |
| What mineralreduces effect of heavy metal poisoning & reduces formation of kidney stones | Magnessium |
| What mineral is useful in treating cardiac irregularities | Magnessium |
| Symptoms of Deficiency muscle contractions, twitching or convulsions, confusion, delirium, memory and concentration problems, arrhythmia, nervousness and skin problems | Magnessium |
| chronic deficiency - seen in alcohol/ drug abuse, chronic vomiting, diarrhea, irritable bowel syndrome , strict vegetarians. What mineral is deficient? | Magnessium |
| These decrease levels of magnesium due to ________ Fluoroquinolones (Cipro, Floxin) corticosteroids - Digoxin - oral contraceptives, estrogens , Minocycline, Tetracycline Furosemide ( Lasix) Cholestyramine Ketoconazole | chelation |
| almonds, avocados, bananas, seafood, molasses, nuts, wheat germ and whole wheat bread are natural souces for what mineral? | Magnessium |
| WHAT MINERAL??? is a powerful antioxidant - supports wound healing and proper cell division - protects prostrate and boosts immune system | ZINC |
| - ____ supplement is helpful for... - vegetarians - inadequate caloric intake - alcoholics - burn patients - chronic diarrhea - Crohn's - on diuretics | ZINC |
| WHAT MINERAL??? - maintains normal taste and sense of smell - assists in gastrointestinal function | ZINC |
| What mineral is processed in combination with Vit C => lozenges | ZINC |
| Symptoms of Deficiency - loss of taste and smell - stunted growth in children - hair loss & canker sores - low sperm count - skin lesion | ZINC |
| Zinc interferes with the absorption of _____ and ______ | Calcium and Copper |
| - coffee - alcohol - diuretics (furosemide and hydrochlorothiazide) - estrogen - ranitidine - prednisone CAN Cause depletions of what mineral? | ZINC |
| Natural Sources of what mineral? - lean beef, chicken hearts, egg yolk, fish, herring , mild black strap molasses, oysters (high concentration), soybeans, sunflower seeds, sesame, whole grain products | IRON |
| What mineral plays an important role in oxygen and electron transport - absorbed from the intestinal tract - regulated by the body's need for iron | IRON |
| Dietary Forms of Iron... Heme iron is found in what food? | Meats |
| Dietary Forms of Iron... Nonheme iron is found in what 2 foods? | enriched grains, and dark greens (veggies) |
| Symptoms of Deficiency weakness, fatigue, lack of energy spoon shaped or split nails, tongue soreness, palpitations, pallor, stomatitis, cold and numb extremities, dyspnea on exertion, exhaustion | IRON |
| What is caused by - inadequate diet, blood loss, malabsorption, pregnancy or lactation, chronic use of salicylates, NSAIDS, & corticosteroids, warfarin, | Iron defeciency anemia |
| What mineral can cause GI upset, diarrhea, constipation and nausea , stains teeth (liquid) | Iron |
| -Does Vit. C increase or decrease the absorption of iron? | increases |
| Iron Absorbtion ________salts are absorbed more efficiently than ferric salts | Ferrous |
| _____ binds with many drugs -antibiotics | iron |
| excess________is toxic - causing vomiting, diarrhea damage to intestine | IRON |
| Iron overload disease is called what (medically)? | hemochromatosis |
| What Disease is... - potentially fatal, easily treatable, hereditary disorde - too much iron is absorbed - symptoms appear in middle age - skin bronze- colored, cirrhosis, liver cancer, diabetes, heart failure develops, premature death | Hemochromatosis |
| For Hemochromatosis 1. _______ test determine diagnosis 2. __________ is treatment of choice | 1. blood test 2. Bloodletting |
| Phytonadione, Mephyton, Aqua Mephyton are all forms of what vitamin? | Vitamin K |
| Vitamin K is essential for what physiologic prosses? | Clotting |
| Deficiency of Vit K is very rare but can problem in new born infants with sterile ________ _______ | intestinal tracts |
| What Vitamin interferes with blood-thinning properties of warfarin or anticoagulants - cholestyramine, orlistat and mineral oil | Vitamin K |
| Natural sources for Vit K- 50% - produced by ________ in intestinal tract. - dark green leafy vegetables, oats, soybeans, egg yolks, green tea | Bacteria |
| What must you keep in mind when administering an IV of Vitamin K? | You must protect it from light? |
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