Chapter 10 Inner and East Asia
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17 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Li Shimin | One of the founders of the Tang Empire and its second emperor. He led the expansion of the empire into Central Asia. |
| Tang Empire | Empire unifying China and part of Central Asia, founded 618 and ended 907. The Tang emperors presided over a magnificent court at their capital, Chang'an. |
| Grand Canal | The 1,100 mile waterway linking the Yellow and Yangzi Rivers. It was begun in the Han period and completed during the Sui Empire. |
| Tributary system | A system in which defeated peoples were forced to pay a tax in the form of goods and labor. This forced transfer of food, cloth, and other goods subsidized the development of large cities. An important component of the Aztec and Inca economies. |
| Bubonic plague | A bacterial disease of fleas that can be transmitted by flea bites to rodents and humans; humans in late stages of the illness can spread the bacteria by coughing. High mortality rate and hard to contain. Disastrous. (280) |
| Uighurs | A group of Turkic-speakers who controlled their own centralized empire from 744 to 840 in Mongolia and Central Asia. |
| Tibet | Country centered on the high, mountain-bounded plateau north of India. |
| Song Empire | Empire in central and southern China while the Liao people controlled the north. Empire in southern China while the Jin people controlled the north. Distinguished for its advances in technology, medicine, astronomy, and mathematics. |
| Junk | A very large flatbottom sailing ship produced in the Tan, Ming, and Song Empires, specially designed for long-distance commercial travel. |
| Gunpowder | A mixture of saltpeter, sulfur, and charcoal, in various proportions. The formula, brought to China in the 400s or 500s, was first used to make fumigators to keep away insect pests and evil spirits. In later centuries it was used to make explosives and grenades and to propel cannonballs, short, and bullets. |
| Neo-Confucianism | Term used to describe new approaches to understanding classic Confucian texts taht became the basic ruling philosophy of China from the Song period to the twentieth century. |
| Zen | The japanese word for a branch of Mahayana Buddhism based on highly disciplined meditation. It is known in Sanskrit as dhyana, in Chinese as chan, and Korean as son. |
| Movable type | Type in which each individual character is cast on a separate piece of metal. It replaced woodblock printing, allowing for the arrangement of indicidual letters and other characters on a page, rather than requiring the carving of entire pages at a timel It may have been invented in Korea in the thirteenth century |
| Koryo | Korean kingdom founded in 918 and destroyed by a mongol invasion in 1259 |
| Fujiwara | Aristocratic family that dominated the Japanese imperial court between ninth and twelfth centuries |
| Kamakura shogunate | The first of Japan's decentralized military governments |
| Champa rice | Quick-maturing rice that can allow two harvests in one growing season |
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