Nervous System
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106 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 cepahlic | head |
| cephalocele | hernia of the head |
| cephalocentesis | Surgical puncture of the head to remove fluid |
| cephalodynia | headache |
| cephalopathy | disease of the brain/head |
| Cerebrum | Largest area of the brain responsible for all voluntary activities of the body, the thinking area |
| Cephalo | head |
| Cerebro | cerebrum |
| cerebrosclerosis | abnormal condition of hardening of the cerebrum |
| cerebrospinal | pertaining to the brain and spinal cord |
| cerebrovascular | pertaining to the cerebrum and blood vessels |
| cerebromalacia | softening of the cerebrum |
| cranio | skull |
| craniocele | A protrusion of the brain through a defect in the skull |
| craniotomy | a surgical opening through the skull |
| craniocaudal | pertaining to the head to the feet |
| craniocerebral | pertaining to the cranium and cerebrum |
| craniology | study of the skull |
| Encephal/o | inside of head; brain |
| encephalotomy | incision into the brain |
| encephalic | pertaining to the brain |
| encephalogram | radiograph of the brain with air injected into the ventricles |
| encephalomyelitis | acute inflammation of brain and spinal cord |
| encephalopathy | any disease or disorder of the brain |
| gli | glue, glue-like |
| Neuroglia | "nerve glue"; many types of cells that support, insulate, and protect neurons |
| glioma | A tumor originating in the neuroglia of the brain or spinal cord. |
| gliocyte | glial cell |
| gliomatosis | formation of a large glioma |
| kinesi | movement, motion |
| kinesalgia | pain in movement |
| kineplasty | surgical repair to movement |
| kinesia | pertaining to movement |
| kinesics | the study of communication through body movements, stances, gestures, and facial expressions |
| kinesiology | the branch of physiology that studies the mechanics and anatomy in relation to human movement |
| Mening/o | meninges;( membranes around the brain and spinal cord) |
| Meninges | three membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord, consisting of the dura mater, pia mater, and arachnoid mater |
| meningitis | Inflammation of the meninges. May lead to paralysis, difficulty breathing or a coma depending on how bad the infection is. Can be bacterial or viral |
| meningocyte | meninges cell |
| meningocele | herniation of the meninges, Form of spina bifida in which the spinal cord develops properly but the meninges protrude through the spine |
| meninx | a membrane (one of 3) that envelops the brain and spinal cord |
| myelo | bone marrow, spinal cord |
| Spinal cord | cord of nerve tissue that conducts messages between the brain and the peripheral nerves |
| bone marrow | a soft tissue inside the bone that produces blood cells |
| myelomalcia | abnormal softening of the spinal cord |
| myelopathy | any pathologic condition of the spinal cord |
| myeloradiculitis | inflammation of the spinal cord and the dorsal root of the spinal nerve |
| neuro | nerve |
| nervous system | the body's speedy, electrochemical communication system, consisting of all the nerve cells of the peripheral and central nervous systems |
| neurology | the study of the nervous system |
| neuroma | any tumor derived from cells of the nervous system |
| neurologist | a physician who diagnoses and treats disorders of the nervous system |
| neuroepithelioma | malignant tumor of the neuroepithelium |
| Thalm/o | Thalamus |
| Thalamus | the brain's sensory switchboard, located on top of the brainstem; it directs messages to the sensory receiving areas in the cortex and transmits replies to the cerebellum and medulla |
| thalamic | pertaining to the thalamus |
| thalamocortical | relating to or connecting the cortex and thalamus |
| Ton/o | tone; tension |
| tension | the physical condition of being stretched or strained |
| tonaphasia | Loss, through cerebral lesion, of the ability to remember tunes |
| tonometer | measuring instrument for measuring tension or pressure (especially for measuring intraocular pressure in testing for glaucoma) |
| Ventricul/o | ventricle ( of heart or brain) |
| Ventricle | one of four connected cavities in the brain |
| ventriculogram | x ray of the ventricles of brain |
| ventricular | pertaining to a ventricle (chamber of the heart or brain) |
| - algesia | (pain) |
| -algia | (pain) |
| -esthesia | (feeling, sensation) |
| -phasia | (speech) |
| -asthenia | (weakness) |
| -ictal | (seizure) |
| -phonia | (voice) |
| encephalitis | inflammation of the brain usually caused by a virus |
| -lepsy | seizure |
| ataxia | lack of muscular coordination |
| plegia | paralysis |
| -paresis | parital paralysis, weakness |
| hemi- | right or left hemishpere of body |
| TIA | transient ischemic attack- mini stroke, sudden lack of blood to the brain, temporary |
| alzheimers | degenerative brain disease evidenced by plaques in the motor and cognitive areas of the brain, memory loss |
| aphasia | the inability to speak |
| Guillian-Barre | ascending paralysis, polyneuropathy |
| CSF | cerebrospinal fluid surrounds the brain and spinal cord |
| Parkinson's | Loss of dopamine, resting tremors |
| Bell's Palsy | CNVII, facial paralysis on one side of face |
| meningomyelocele | herniation of the meninges and the nerves of the spinal cord as in spina bifida |
| paraparesis | parial paralysis in both lower extremeties (BLE's) |
| LP | lumbar puncture or spinal tap to draw CSF |
| CVA | cerebrovascular accident, stroke, embolic, hemorrhagic(aneurysm) or thrombotic |
| EEG | record of the electrical impulses of the brain |
| subdural hematoma | collection of blood beneath the Dura Mater |
| sciatica | sciatic nerve pain that runs down the leg |
| Multiple Sclerosis | autoimmune disorder caused by the demylination of the nerves of the spinal cord, patient experiences exacerbations and remissions |
| tetra | four |
| syncope | fainting |
| hypokalemia | low potassium in the blood |
| syn- | together |
| -drome | running |
| dsylexia | reading, writing learning disablity |
| Doppler ultrasound | detects sound waves from the body |
| glioblastoma | malignant brain tumor |
| paresthesia | pins and needles |
| TIA | transient ischemic attack, mini stroke, temporary lack of blood to the brain |
| hydrocephalus | excessive CSF on the brain |
| aura | sensation preceding a headache or seizure |
| anencephaly | congenital brain malformation |
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