World History - Chapter 5 - Ancient Rome and the Rise of Christianity
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Created by:
kimiomara on October 31, 2010
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World History - Chapter 5 - Ancient Rome and the Rise of Christianity
Classes:
World History, Mr Poss' World History, Whipple Global 9, Heidkamp Vocab, Global
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39 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Etruscans | they were already highly civilized people who came into Italy around 750 BC. They established a series of small city-states in the northern and central areas of the peninsula, rule over the native Italic people by the virtue of their superior weaponry, architecture (use of the arch) and organization. Etruscan kings ruled over Rome, (monarchy, one ruler) |
| republic | system of governement in which officials are choosen by the people |
| patrician | in ancient Rome, member of the landholding upper class |
| consul | in ancient Rome, official from the patrician class who supervised the governement and commanded the armies |
| dictator | In ancient Rome, a political leader given absolute power to make laws and command the army for a (6) month times in state of emergency |
| plebeian | of the common people of ancient Rome; lower class, including farmers, merchants, artisans, and traders |
| tribune | in ancient Rome, an official elected by the plebeians to protect their interest |
| veto | block of governement action |
| legion | A military unit of the ancient Roman army, made up of about 5,000 foot soldiers and a group of soldiers on horseback. |
| imperialism | domination by one country of political, economic, or cultural life of another country or region |
| latifundia | huge estates bought up by newly wealthy Roman citizens |
| Tiberius Gracchus | two young plebeians, were among the first to attempt reform in ancient Rome; Tiberius, called on the state to distribute land to poor farmers. |
| Gaius Gracchus | Tiberius, called on the state to distribute land to poor farmers. Gaius sought wider reforms, including the use of public funds to buy grain to feed the poor; this angered the senate which saw them as a threat to their power; they were killed in waves of street violence set off by senators and their hired tugs |
| Julius Caesar | Roman general and dictator. Casear set out swith his army to make new conquests; Conquest of Gaul won (now it is France and Belgium); Pompey presuaded the senate to have Caesar disband his army and return to Rome; Caser instead went back to Rome with his army and defeated Prompey. Forced senate to make him dicator. He was murdered by a group of senators and his former friend Brutus who hoped to restore the normal running of the republic. |
| Augustus | Octavian joined forces with Marc Antony to defeat Caesar; they ended up battling for power; Octavian won and was called the "Exalted One"; Roman statesman who established the Roman Empire and became emperor in 27 BC |
| census | a periodic and official count of a country's population |
| Hadrian | One of Rome's "good emperors" codified Roman Law, making it the same for all providences; built a wall across Britian to hold back attackers from the non-Roman north |
| Virgil | Classical Roman poet, author of Aenied; tried to show that Rome's past was as heroic as Greece; |
| satirize | To make fun of- The roman poets satirised the Roman Society; Horace's used satirize |
| mosaic | art consisting of a design made of small pieces of colored stone or glass |
| engineering | the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes |
| aqueduct | artificial channel for conducting water over a distance |
| Ptolemy | Roman geographer-astronomer and author of Guide to Geography which included maps containing a grid system of latitude and longitude. |
| messiah | savior, incarnation of God |
| apostle | (New Testament) one of the original 12 disciples chosen by Christ to preach his gospel |
| Paul | (New Testament) a Christian missionary to the Gentiles |
| martyr | one who suffers for the sake of principle |
| Constantine | Roman Emperor (4th century A.D.) who promoted tolerance to all religions in the Roman Empire and legalized Christianity |
| clergy | A body of officials who perform religious services, such as priests, ministers or rabbis. |
| bishop | a clergyman having spiritual and administrative authority |
| patriarch | A principal bishop in the eastern branch of Christianity |
| pope | the head of the Roman Catholic Church |
| heresy | a belief that rejects the orthodox tenets of a religion |
| Augustine | (Roman Catholic Church) one of the great fathers of the early Christian church |
| Diocletian | Roman emperor who was faced with military problems, when that happend he decided to divide the empire between himself in the east and maximian in the west. he did the last persecution of the Christians |
| inflation | a general and progressive increase in prices |
| Constantinople | Previously known as Byzantium, Constantine changed the name of the city and moved the capitol of the Roman Empire here from Rome. |
| Huns | Nomadic people from Asia who attacked the Roman Empire. |
| mercenary | a professional soldier hired by a foreign army |
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