Chapter 3
About this set
Created by:
Selena53 on November 1, 2010
Subjects:
mcdougal littel, mcdougal littell geometry, chapter, chapter 3, math, geometry, postulates, theorems, theorems and postulates, postulates and theorems, theorems and postulate
Classes:
Quest Academy 8th Grade Flashcards
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36 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 parallel lines | do not intersect, coplanar |
| skew lines | do not intersect, not coplanar |
| parallel planes | do not intersect |
| parallel postulate | If there is a line and a point not on the line, then there is exactly one line through the point parallel to the given line. |
| perpendicular postulate | If there is a line and a point not on the line, then there is exactly one line through the point perpendicular to the given line. |
| transversal | a line that intersects two or more coplanar lines at different points |
| corresponding angles | 2 angles in corresponding positions relative to the 2 lines (w/ transversal) |
| alternate interior angles | 2 angles between 2 lines and on opposite sides of a transversal |
| alternate exterior angles | 2 angles that lie outside 2 lines and on opposite sides of a transversal |
| consecutive interior angles (same-side interior angles) | 2 angles between 2 lines and on the same side of a transversal |
| corresponding angles postulate | If two parallel lines are cut by a transversal, then the pairs of corresponding angles are congruent. |
| alternate interior angles theorem | If two parallel lines are cut by a transversal, then the pairs of alternate interior angles are congruent. |
| alternate exterior angles theorem | If two parallel lines are cut by a transversal, then the pairs of alternate exterior angles are congruent. |
| consecutive interior angles theorem | If two parallel lines are cut by a transversal, then the pairs of consecutive interior angles are supplementary. |
| corresponding angles converse | If two lines are cut by a transversal so the corresponding angles are congruent, then the lines are parallel. |
| alternate interior angles converse | If two lines are cut by a transversal so the alternate interior angles are congruent, then the lines are parallel. |
| alternate exterior angles converse | If two lines are cut by a transversal so the alternate exterior angles are congruent, then the lines are parallel. |
| consecutive interior angles converse | If two lines are cut by a transversal so the consecutive interior angles are supplementary, then the lines are parallel. |
| transitive property of parallel lines | If two lines are parallel to the same line, then they are parallel to each other. |
| paragraph proof | statements and reasons written in sentences |
| slope | ratio of vertical change (rise) to horizontal change (run) between any two points on the line |
| slope equation | m= rise/run = change in y / change in x = (y2-y1) / (x2-x1) |
| negative slope | falls from left to right |
| positive slope | rises from left to right |
| zero slope | horizontal |
| undefined slope | vertical |
| slopes of parallel lines postulate | In a coordinate plane, two non-vertical lines are parallel if and only if they have the same slope. |
| slopes of perpendicular lines postulate | In a coordinate plane, two non-vertical lines are perpendicular if and only if the products of their slopes equals -1 (slopes of perpendicular lines are negative reciprocals). Horizontal lines are perpendicular to vertical lines. |
| slope-intercept form | y = mx + b m is the slope; b is the y-intercept |
| standard form | Ax +By = C when A & B are not both zero |
| linear pair perpendicular lines theorem | If two lines intersect to form a linear pair of congruent angles, then the lines are perpendicular. |
| four right angles theorem | If two lines are perpendicular, then they intersect to form four right angles. |
| complementary adjacent acute angles theorem | If two sides of two adjacent acute angles are perpendicular, then the angles are complementary. |
| perpendicular transversal theorem | If a transversal is perpendicular to one of two parallel lines, then it is perpendicular to the other. |
| lines perpendicular to a transversal theorem | In a plane, if two lines are perpendicular to the same line, then they are parallel to each other. |
| distance from a point to a line | the length of the perpendicular segment from the point to the line (shortest distance) |
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