MBLG03 - Transposable Genetic Elements
About this set
Created by:
emilyjem on November 1, 2010
Subjects:
genetics, molecular biology, mblg2072
Description:
Lecture 3 of MBLG2072 at the University of Sydney (Neville Firth)
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39 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 insertion-sequence (IS) elements | The bacterial genome contains these segments of DNA that can move from one position to another |
| transposase | IS elements encode for this |
| 750 - 1400 | The size range of IS elements in bp |
| F plasmid | Bacterial DNA sequence that allows for conjugation |
| IS2, IS3 | IS elements that appear on the F plasmid |
| antibiotic resistance | Bacterial transposons often contain genes for this |
| composite transposon | Transposon flanked by IS sequences |
| simple transposon | Transposon flanked by short inverted repeats |
| IS sequence | In a composite transposon, the transposase is encoded within this |
| the transposon itself | In a simple transposon, the transposase is encoded within this |
| Tn10 | An example of a composite transposon |
| Tn3 | An example of a simple transposon |
| ampicillin | Tn3 confers resistance to this antibiotic |
| antibiotic resistance gene, transposase, repressor/resolvase, internal resolution site | The four elements of Tn3 |
| replicative, conservative | The two mechanisms of transposition in E.coli |
| replicative transposition | Transposition where a copy of the transposable element is left in the donor |
| conservative transposition | Transposition where the transposable element is excised from the donor |
| short repeat of target sequence | An inserted element is always flanked by this after integration |
| cointegrate | Replicative transposition requires the formation of this intermediate |
| donor and target plasmids | The cointegrate consists of these two elements fused together |
| selective advantage | The benefit of transposable genetic elements to the organism |
| mechanism for mutation and rearrangement | The benefit of transposable genetic elements in evolution |
| polar mutation | A mutation that affects the expression of downstream genes or operons |
| imprecise excision | Reversion where part of the transposable element deleted together with some surrounding DNA |
| precise excision | Reversion where the transposable element is deleted and gene function is restored |
| retrotransposons, DNA transposons | The two classes of eukaryotic transposons |
| retrotransposons | Transposable elements that employ reverse transcriptase to transpose through an RNA intermediate |
| LTR-retrotransposons | Retrotransposons flanked by long terminal repeats |
| env | LTR-retrotransposons lack this gene and so cannot leave the cell |
| gag, pol | LTR-retrotransposons contain genes related to these two viral genes |
| long interspersed nuclear elements | LINES stands for this |
| short interspersed nuclear elements | SINES stands for this |
| no LTR, move via ORF2 | The 2 differences between LTR-retrotransposons and LINES |
| SINES cannot move autonomously | The difference between LINES and SINES |
| bacterial transposable elements | DNA transposons in eukaryotes are similar to these in prokaryotes |
| IRs, transposase | DNA transposons share these two features of bacterial transposable elements |
| Ac | The autonomous DNA transposon in maize |
| Ds | The non-autonomous DNA transposon in maize |
| transposase encoded by Ac | Ds in maize relies upon this to move |
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