chapters 7-9
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Created by:
butterflyofevil on November 2, 2010
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reveiw for chapter 7-9
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34 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 What is a mole? | a group of atoms, molecules, or formula units that contains 6.022x10^23 of these items. |
| What is avogadro's number? | number of items in a mole equal to 6.022x10^23 |
| What do the subscripts in a molecular formula mean? | the number of atoms of that element |
| What is molar mass? | the mass in grams of 1 mol of an element that sis equal to the atomic mass. |
| what is percent compostition? | the percent by mass of the elements in a formula |
| what is empirical formula? | the simplest or smallest whole number ratio of the atoms in a fomula |
| what is the molecular formula? | the actual formula that gives the number of atoms of each type of element in the compound |
| what is a chemical reaction? | the process by which a chemical change takes place |
| what is chemical change? | occurs when a substance is converted into one or more new substances. |
| What is a combination reaction? | reaction in which reactants combine to form a single product |
| What is a decomposition reaction? | reaction in which a sigle reactant splits into two or more simpler substances |
| What is a double replacement reaction? | reaction in which the positive ions of two different reactants exchange places |
| What is a single replacement reaction? | reaction in which an element replaces a different element in a compound |
| What is a functional group? | group of atoms that determines the physical and chemical properties and naming of a class of organic compounds |
| what is an alkene? | a hydrocarbon that contains carbon-carbon double bonds C=C |
| What is an alkyne? | a hydrocarbon that contains carbon-carbon triple bonds |
| what is an ester? | organic compound that contains a carboxyl group (-COO-) with an oxygen atom bonded to carbon |
| What is an amine? | organic compound that contains a nitrogen atom bonded to one or more carbon atoms |
| what is an amide? | organic compound in which a carbon containing the carbonyl group is attached to a nitrogen atom |
| what is alcohol? | organic compound that contains the hydroxyl (-OH) group bonded to a carbon atom |
| what is an ether? | organic compound that contains an oxygen atom (-O-) bonded to two carbon atoms |
| what is aldehydes ? | class of organic compounds that contains carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to at least one hydrogen atom |
| what is ketones? | organic compound in which a carbonyl group ( C=O) is bonded to two carbon atoms |
| what is carboxylic acids? | organic compound that contains the carboxyl functional group (-COOH) |
| what is a combustion reaction? | chemical reaction in which an organic compound reacts with oxygen to produce CO2, H2O, and energy |
| what is the actual yield ? | the actual amount of product produced by a reaction |
| what is an endothermic reaction? | reaction wherein the energy of the products is greater than that of the reactants |
| what is an exothermic reaction? | reaction wherein the energy of the reactants is greater than that of the products |
| what is the law of conservation of mass? | in a chemical reaction, the total mass of the reactants is equal to the total mass of the products; matter if niether losted or gained |
| what is a limiting reactant? | the reactant used up during a chemical reaction, which limits the amount of product that can form |
| what is the mole mole factor? | conversion factor that relates the number of moles of two compounds in an equation derived from their coefficients |
| what is percent yeild? | the ratio of the actual yeild of a reaction to the theoretical yeild possible for that reaction |
| what is the theorectical yeild? | the max amount of product that a reaction can produce from a given amount of reactant |
| what is heat of reaction? | the heat absorbed or released when a reaction takes place at constant pressure also called enthalpy change |
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