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Created by:
DavePetrushenko on November 2, 2010
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39 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 MANIFEST DESTINY | Term for westward expansion during the early and mid 1800's. |
| SLAVERY | Manifest destiny increased tension over this issue during the mid 1800's. |
| POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY | Idea that the people within a territory should be able to decide whether that area will be slave or free. |
| RAILROADS | The expansion of these westward played a key role in opening up the frontier. |
| LAND | What did the federal government give to the railroad companies to help them expand westward. |
| PRESERVE the UNION | Lincoln's main goal in fighting the Civil War. |
| EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION | Although when issued this document did not actually free any slaves it gave a higher moral purpose to the Civil War - slavery would be ended. This document in part was issued to make sure that Britain and France, both of whom were against slavery, did not aid the South. |
| 13th | Constitutional amendment that ended slavery. |
| 14th | Constitutional amendment that defined citizenship thus making African-Americans citizens. Also included the equal protection clause. |
| DRED SCOTT v SANFORD | The 14th amendment when it made African-Americans citizens overturned what Supreme Court case. |
| FEDERAL or NATIONAL | The Civil War in general and the 14th amendment specifically showed that which level of government, federal or state, was more powerful. |
| RECONSTRUCTION | Period following the Civil War, 1865-1877, when the Union had to be reunified. |
| RADICAL REPUBLICANS | Following the Civil War those Northerners who wanted to punish the South and help the newly freed slaves. |
| LEGISLATIVE or CONGRESS | During Reconstruction the Radical Republicans controlled what branch of government. |
| ANDREW JOHNSON | What President was impeached (formally accused), but not convicted or removed, by the Radical Republicans during Reconstruction. |
| TENURE of OFFICE ACT | Name of the law that Andrew Johnson violated that led to his impeachment. This law which stated that he could not remove a Cabinet member clearly violated the principle of checks and balances. |
| LENIENTLY | How did Lincoln and Johnson want to treat the South after the Civil War: leniently or harshly. |
| RECONSTRUCTION | Following the election of 1876 when the last federal troops are removed from the South this is considered the end of what. |
| JIM CROW LAWS | These were state laws passed in the South following Reconstruction that segregated blacks from whites. |
| SOLID SOUTH | Name used for the South following the Civil War until the 1980's because the South consistently and overwhelmingly voted for the Democratic Party. The South blamed the Republicans for the Civil War and the ending of slavery. |
| POLL TAX | Method of denying African-Americans the vote in the South, thus getting around the 15th amendment, by requiring a fee to vote. |
| 24th AMENDMENT | Method used to eliminate the use of poll taxes - this was done in the 1960's. |
| LITERACY TESTS | Method used to deny African-Americans the vote in the South that tested a person's ability to read and write - they were done very unfairly so even though most African-Americans could read and write by the 1950's they still failed. |
| VOTING RIGHTS ACT of 1965 | Method used to eliminate the use of discriminatory literacy tests. |
| PLESSY v. FERGUSON | 1896 Supreme Court decision involving segregation on passenger trains that upheld the use of Jim Crow laws and established the "separate but equal" principle. |
| "SEPARATE BUT EQUAL" | Principle established in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) that made it constitutional to segregate African-Americans in the South by law. |
| BOOKER T. WASHINGTON | African-American leader at the beginning of the 1900's who believed that African-Americans should try to get ahead economically before trying to gain full political and economic equality. |
| BOOKER T. WASHINGTON | African-American leader at the beginning of the 1900's who believed African-Americans should pursue vocational education (trade skills). |
| W.E.B. DUBOIS | African-American leader at the beginning of the 1900's who believed that African-Americans should have full political and social equality immediately. Emphasized use of the courts to gain these rights. |
| W.E.B. DUBOIS | African-American leader who was one of the founder's of the N.A.A.C.P. |
| CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE | Method of protest used by Martin Luther King, Jr. and many others during the Civil Rights Movement in which a person breaks an unjust law, but in a non-violent manner |
| AFFIRMATIVE ACTION | The purpose of this was to increase the represetation of women and minorities in jobs and colleges to make up for past discrimination. |
| BAKKE v. UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA | Supreme Court case dealing with affirmative action that ruled that affirmative action programs in principle are constitutional, but a strict quota system wasn't. |
| BROWN v. BOARD of EDUCATION | Integration of public schools like Little Rock Central High were a rsult of this 1954 Supreme Court case. |
| REVERSE DISCRIMINATION | What critics of affirmative action call this practice. |
| LITTLE ROCK | City in which 9 African-American students were integrated into a previously all white high school in 1957. |
| DWIGHT EISENHOWER | President who sent federal troops to Little Rock to guarantee that the nine African-American students were protected and integration would occur. |
| MARTIN LUTHER KING, JR. | Led the Montgomery Bus Boycott. |
| MARTIN LUTHER KING, JR. | In 1963 made the famous "I Have a Dream Speech" during the March on Washington. |
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