| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Perineum | General area that is described as the diamond shaped area in between the thighs; reference for both males and females |
| Mammary glands | Modified sweat glands capable of producing milk; each gland contains 15-20 lobes surrounded by adipose tissue |
| Alveoli | Milk producing structures within each lobe; milk propelled into mammary ducts, then lactiferous sinuses (where it can be stored), then lacteriferous duct, which carries to the outside |
| Areola | Pigmented region surrounding the nipple |
| Primordial cells | Primitive sex cells |
| Oogonia | Immature eggs; diploid (2n) - happens when primordial cells migrate to the ovaries |
| Primary oocytes | Enter Prophase of meosis I and stops here; 200,000-2,000,000 at birth, while at puberty 40,000 are still present; only 400 will mature and ovulate |
| Primordial follicle | Name of the primary oocyte and the single layer of flat cells that surround it |
| Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) | When released at puberty, initiates growth of the follicle and secretion of estrogen by the follice |
| Primary follicle | Growth resulting from cells expanding in the primordial follicle caused by follicle stimulating hormones |
| Luteinizing hormone (LH) | When released at puberty, one primary follicle becomes dominate and continues dividing |
| Polar body | A packet of discarded nuclear matter produced once during meisosis I; is smaller than the resulting secondary oocyte; disentegrates |
| Secondary oocyte | The larger cell produced from meosis I that recieves most of the cytoplasm; surrounded by multiple layers of cells; secondary follicle; haploid after meiosis I; begins meiosis II and stops in metaphase - resumes when sperm penetrates |
| Ovulation | Graafian follicle bursts and releases the secondary oocyte; oocyte and polar body enter fallopian tube |
| Fertilization | When sperm present; triggers secondary oocyte to complete meosis II; becomes and ovum and polar body; when sperm not present, oocyte and polar body disappears |
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