Unit4
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Created by:
christineschoep on July 20, 2008
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113 terms
Malay | English |
|---|---|
| EPS results from an |  increase in ACH |
| EPS includes (4) | dystonic reactions, akathisia, parkinsonism, & tardive dyskinesia |
| Dystonic Reactions | involuntary muscle twitch or spasms |
| Akathisia | pacing, fidgeting, restlessness |
| Parkinsonism | find hand tremors |
| Tardive Dykinesia | involuntary movement of extremeties, jaw, tongue |
| The benefit to ATypical Anti-Psychotics | rarely produce EPS SEs |
| Anti-Psychotic DOC | Zyprexa (Olanzapine - b/c rarely causes agranulocytosis) |
| Anti-cholinergics MOA | decrease ACH which decrease EPS SEs |
| Darvocet N-100 | propoxyphene/APAP |
| Fiorinal | ASA/caffeine/butalbital |
| Fioricet | APAP/caffeine/butalbital |
| Vicodin | Hydrocodone/APAP |
| Tylenol w/ Codeine | APAP/Codeine |
| Ultram (Tramadol) | combination analgesic (narcotic) |
| Chlorpromazine (Thorazine) | Typical Anti-Psychotic |
| Loxapine (Loxitane) | Typical Anti-Psychotic |
| Promethazine (Phenergan) | Typical Anti-Psychotic |
| Thioridazine (Mellaril) | Typical Anti-Psychotic |
| Haloperidol (Haldon) | Typical Anti-Psychotic |
| Thiothixene (Navane) | Typical Anti-Psychotic |
| Molindone (Moban) | Typical Anti-Psychotic |
| Pimozide (Orap) | Typical Anti-Psychotic |
| Clozapine (Clozaril) | ATypical Anti-Psychotic |
| Olanzipine (Zyprexa) | ATypical Anti-Psychotic |
| Parkinsons Disease involves what imbalance of NTs? | decrease in DA & increase in ACH |
| The primary MOA of anti-parkinson drugs is to | increase DA & decrease ACH |
| Sinemets MOA | (Levodopa + Caridopa) increases DA to higher levels |
| (6) Drugs that treat Parkinsons Disease | Levodopa, Anti-Histamines, Anti-Cholinergics, Anti-Virals, DA Agonists, & DA Conservers |
| Anti-Histamines MOA (PD) | decrease ACH |
| Anti-Cholinergics MOA (PD) | decrease ACH |
| Anti-Virals MOA | increase DA |
| Symmetrel (Amantadine) | Anti-Viral |
| Bromocription (Parlodel) | DA Agonist (increases DA) |
| Selegeline (Eldepryl) | DA Conserver (keeps DA from getting lost) |
| PD is a | progressive disorder of the basal ganglia |
| Symptoms of PD | resting tremors, cogwheel muscular ridgity, sweating, salivation, bradykinesia |
| Seizures are the | uncontrolled discharge of neurons in the brain |
| Epilepsy is the | condition resulting from reoccuring seizures |
| The uncontrolled neuron discharge occurs in the | cerebral cortex |
| An Aura is present in all seizures except | Petit Mal Seizures |
| Signs of an Aura | Nausea, smelling an unpleasant odor, numbness, visual disturbances, dizziness |
| The 4 Types of Seizures | Partial Complex, Grand Mal, Status Epilepticus, & Petit Mal |
| DOC for Status Epilepticus | Valium (diazepam) |
| Anti-Epileptics MOA | decrease CNS activity |
| Valproic Acid (Depakene) | Anti-Epileptic (Misc.) |
| Divalproex Sodium (Depakote) | Anti-Epileptic (Misc.) |
| Divalproex Sodium (Depakote) SEs | irregular menses, hair loss, galactorrhea |
| Gabapentin (Neurontin) | Anti-Epileptic (Misc.) |
| Lamictal (lamotrigine) | Anti-Epileptic (Misc.) |
| Keppra (levetiracetam) | Anti-Epileptic (Misc.) |
| Gabitril (tiagabine) | Anti-Epileptic (Misc.) |
| Primadone (Mysoline) | Barbituate |
| Chloral hydrate | nonbarbituate |
| Benzo's MOA | Increase the activity of GABA |
| Zolpidem (Ambien) | Nonbenzodiazepine |
| Zaleplon (Sonata) | Nonbenzodiazepine |
| ____-acting Benzo's cause the Hangover effect | Long |
| Anxiety causes and increase in our | Sympathetic System |
| 4 Specific Areas depressed by Benzo's | Reticular Formation, Limbic System, Cerebral Cortex&Medulla, &Spinal Cord |
| Reticular Formation deals with | alertness & wakefulness |
| our Limbic System deals with | emotional & behavior responses |
| Our Spinal Cord controls | skeletal muscle activity |
| Alprazolam (Xanax) is what type of Benzo | Short Acting |
| Lorazepam (Ativan) is what type of Benzo | Short Acting |
| Temazepam (Restoril) is what type of Benzo | Short Acting |
| Triazolam (Halcion) is what type of Benzo | Short Acting |
| Clonazepam (Klonopin) is what type of Benzo | Long Acting |
| Diazepam (Valium) is what type of Benzo | Long Acting |
| Flurazepam (Dalmane) is what type of Benzo | Long Acting |
| Advantages to Buspar | No abuse potential, No sedation, Not effected by alcohol |
| Disadvantages to Buspar | Have to take continually, Has no anti-convulsant/skeletal muscle relaxant properties, Has slow onset of action |
| Buspars full therapeutic effect takes ____ | 3-4 weeks |
| Narcotics supress the | cough reflex |
| Avoid ___ w/ all Analgesics | Alcohol |
| Drinking Alcohol with NSAIDs & Salicylates can increase the possibility of | ulcers |
| Drinking Alcohol with Tylenol can increase the possibility of | Hepatotoxicity |
| If experiencing Aspirin toxicity, administer (3) | Sodium Bicarbonate, fluid, & electrolytes |
| Aspirin SEs (4) | tinnitus, respiratory depression, acidosis, & Reyes Syndrome |
| Piroxicam (Feldene) | NSAID |
| Motrin/Advil | NSAID |
| NSAIDs MOA | Inhibit the pathway of prostaglandin synthesis |
| Salicylates MOA | Inhibit prostaglandin synthesis |
| Pain to tissues | Nociceptor pain |
| direct injury to nerves | Neuropathic pain |
| Somatic pain | sharp, localized sensations |
| Visceral Pain | generalized dull, throbbing, or aching pain |
| Non-Narcotics work at which level | peripheral |
| Narcotics (Opiods) work at which level | CNS |
| Tylenol antidote | acetylcysteine |
| Benzo's are used for what 3 things | Seizures, Sedative/Hypnotics, & Anxiety |
| Barbituates are used for what 3 things | Seizures, Sedative/Hypnotics, & Pre-anesthetic |
| Anti-Psychotics SEs include | Sedation, Anti-Cholinergic effects, orthostatic hypotension, EPS |
| One of the main mechanisms for the production of inflammation & pain | Arachidonic Acid Pathway |
| Lidocaine is part of what class of local anesthetics | amides |
| Prilocaine (Citanest) is pt. of what class of local anesthetics | amides |
| Procaine (Novocaine) is pt. of what class of local anesthetics | esters |
| benzocaine (solarcaine) is pt. of which class of local anesthetics | esters |
| Halothane (Fluothane) is an | Inhaled General Anesthetic |
| Insoflurane (Forane) is an | inhaled general anesthetic |
| Which Inhaled general anesthetic is the most commonly used due to less SEs? | Forane (Insoflurane) |
| Fentanyl (Sublimase) is an | IV General Anesthetic |
| Diazepam (Valium) is an | IV General Anesthetic |
| Midazolam (Versed) is an | IV General Anesthetic |
| Thiopental Sodium (Pentothal) is an | IV General Anesthetic |
| Drugs used to treat Anxiety | Benzodiazepines & Buspar |
| Tonic Convulsions last ~ | 2-10mins |
| Status Epilepticus Convulsions last ~ | 30mins |
| 4 Drugs That treat Seizures | Hydantoins, Benzodiazepines, Barbituates, & Misc. |
| The most serious potential SE of narcotics | respiratory depression |
| NSAIDs & Salicylates inhibit which enzyme in the pathway of PG synthesis | COX-2 |
| the 3 classes of IV anesthetics | Barbituates, Opioids, & Benzodiazepines |
| Pentothal (thiopental sodium) is what type of anesthetic | IV General Anesthetic |
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