Gardner's Art Chapter 10
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Created by:
HNelsonTracey on November 2, 2010
Subjects:
art history, gardner's art through the ages
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21 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 amphitheater | Literally, a double theater. A Roman building type resembling two Greek theaters put together. The Roman amphitheater featured a continuous elliptical cavea around a central arena. |
| apotheosis | Elevated to the rank of gods or the ascent to heaven. |
| apse | A recess, usually singular and semi-circular, in the wall of a Roman basilica or at the east end of a Christian church. |
| arch | A curved structural member that spans an opening and is generally composed of wedge-shaped blocks (voussoirs) that transmit the downward pressure laterally. A diaphragm arch is a transverse, wall-bearing arch that divides a vault or a ceiling into compartments, providing a kind of firebreak. See also thrust. |
| atrium | The court of a Roman house that is partly open to the sky. Also the open, colonnaded court in front of and attached to a Christian basilica. |
| basilica | In Roman architecture, a public building for assemblies (especially tribunals), rectangular in plan with an entrance usually on a long side. In Christian architecture, a church somewhat resembling the Roman basilica, usually entered from one end and with an apse at the other, creating an axial plan. |
| buttress | An exterior masonry structure that opposes the lateral thrust of an arch or a vault. A pier buttress is a solid mass of masonry; a flying buttress consists typically of an inclined member carried on an arch or a series of arches and a solid buttress to which it transmits lateral thrust. |
| caldarium | The hot-bath section of a Roman bathing establishment. |
| Capitolium | An ancient Roman temple honoring the divinities Jupiter, Juno, and Minerva. |
| coffer | A sunken panel, often ornamental, in a soffit, a vault, or a ceiling. |
| concrete | A building material invented by the Romans and consisting of various proportions of lime mortar, volcanic sand, water, and small stones. From the Latin caementa, from which the English "cement" is derived. |
| continuous narration | In painting or sculpture, the convention of the same figure appearing more than once in the same space at different stages in a story. |
| cuirass | A breastplate. In Roman art, the emblem of a military officer. |
| forum | The public square of an ancient Roman city. |
| frigidarium | The coldbath section of a Roman bathing establishment. |
| groin or cross vault | Formed by the intersection at right angles of two barrel vaults of equal size. Lighter in appearance than the barrel vault, the groin vault requires less buttressing. See vault. |
| idealization | The representation of things according to a preconception of ideal form or type; a kind of esthetic distortion (Example: Augustus) |
| imagines | In ancient Rome, wax portraits of ancestors. |
| veristic | true to natural appearance |
| patricians | Freeborn landowners of the Roman Republic. |
| plebeian | In the Roman Republic, the social class that included small farmers, merchants, and freed slaves. |
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