metabolism & digestion
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34 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Metabolism | "use of foods" |
| BMR | represents the amount of food that a person's body must catabolize each hour in order to stay alive and awake |
| Calorie | Heat unit |
| Catabolism | breakdown of food compounds |
| Thermoregulation | maintaining homeostasis of body temperature |
| Anabolism | synthesis of cells, the building up of cell tissues |
| Insulin | lowers blood sugar |
| Glycolysis | changes glucose to pyruvic acid |
| Vitamin | organic molecules needed in small quantites for normal metabolism |
| Minerals | inorganic elements or salts found naturally with in the earth |
| Conduction | transfer of heat energy to the skin and then to the external environment |
| Convection | transfer of heat energy to the air that is continually flowing away from the skin |
| Radiation | Flow of heat waves away from the blood |
| evaporation | absorption of heat by water (sweat) vaporation |
| carbohydrates, proteins, fats | What is the three basic food types req'd for proper nutrition? |
| Glycolysis | the process that changes glucose to pyruvic acid |
| citric acid cycle | once glucose has been changed to pyruvic acid, the next process that changes pyruvic acid to carbon dioxide |
| ATP | A direct source of energy for doing cellular work |
| Insulin | the only hormone that lowers blood glucose levels |
| fats | When cells have inadequate amounts of glucose to catabolize they will catabolize what next? |
| Glycogen or Carbohydrate loading | What is it called when athletes consume large amounts of carbs 2-3 days before an athletic event to store glycogen in skeleton muscles? (hint.. use both terms) |
| Vitamins | Organic molecules needed in small amounts for normal metabolism. |
| Calcium, sodium | what are two minerals necessary for nerve conduction and contraction of muscle fibers? |
| Heat | Rather than being transported to ATP during catabolism, food molecules are converted to what? |
| TMR | the total amount of energy used by the body per day |
| 80-120mgs | what is the normal glucose range when fasting between meals? |
| cool | When your blood flow to the skin increases are you cooling or trying to warm? |
| warm | When your core temperature increases is your body attempting to warm or cool? |
| anabolism | Does glycogenesis use anabolism or catabolism? |
| fatty acids or glycerol | What do fats break down to? |
| adipose tissue | fats not needed for catabolism are stored as what? |
| enzymes | what do minerals attach to? |
| glycolysis, citric acid cycle, ETS | name the 3 steps for energy in catabolism |
| krebs | what is another name for citric acid cycle? |
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