chemistry chapter 3-4
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24 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Law of conservation of mass | in every chemical process, and equal amount of matter exists before and after the experiment |
| Law of definite proportions | in a chemical compound, the proportions by mass of its elements is always the same regardless of the compounds source |
| Law of multiple proportions | When two elements form compounds, the masses of one element that combine with a given amount of another are in small whole # ratios |
| Daltons atomic theory | 1. matter=atoms, atoms=indivisible 2. atoms of different elements are identical 3. different elements have different atoms 4. elements make compounds 5. atoms are indestructible and keep their identities |
| j.j thomson | -cathode ray tubes -electric field went from negative to positive -made the charge/mass ratio -concluded that all atoms have negative particles |
| Robert Milleken | -sprayed oil into a box -discovered that the mass of and electron and the charge of the droplet is always a multiple of a specific number |
| Ernest rutherford | -gold foil with film detector -suggested that the mass of an atom is in the nucleus and the volume was the electrons |
| atomic number | (Z) #of protons (electrons) |
| mass number | (A) # of protons+neutrons (NOT ON PT) |
| isotopes | atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons |
| relative atomic mass | 1 amu=1/12 mass of C-12 |
| Mole | # of atoms in 1 atom of C-12 6.02X 10^23 |
| Mass of the PT | -average mass of 1 ATOM IN AMU -average mass of 1 MOLE IN GRAMS |
| MASS-MOLE-ATOM | MASS divided by # on pt=MOLE MOLE multiplied by avugadros #=ATOM |
| emr | electromagnetic radiation electric field and magnetic field are in perpendicular waves |
| lambda | wavelength: the distance between on peak to the next peak [m,nm,mm] |
| nu | frequency: ammount of wave that passes in a given time [/s, hz] |
| 100 mHz is the same as | 100x10^6/s |
| short λ= | high ν high E |
| inverse relationship | c=νλ c=speed of light (3.00x10^8m/s) |
| direct relationship | between energy and frequency |
| E=? | E=h*v j=js*/s h=6.626x10^-34 Js |
| on spectrum | VIBGYOR (blue has more energy than red!) |
| quantum | A small, discrete packet of light energy |
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